The 9
th
International Renewable Energy Congress (IREC 2018)
An Improved Control for DC-Link Fluctuation during
Voltage Dip based on DFIG
Ibrahima Ngom
1
, Student Member, IEEE, Alioune Badara
Mboup
2
, Lamine Thiaw
5
ESP- Uinversité Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar
LR 5085 LER, B.P 5085
Dakar, Senegal
1
ibrahima11.ngom@ucad.edu.sn,
2
mboupbadara@yahoo.fr,
5
lamine.thiaw@ucad.edu.sn
Sondes Skander-Mustapha
3
, Ilhem Slama Belkhodja
4
,
Senior Member, IEEE
ENIT-Université de Tunis El Manar
LR 11 ES, LSE, B.P.37,1002
Tunis, Tunisia
3
sondes.skander@enit.utm.tn,
4
ilhem.slamabelkhodja@enit.utm.tn
Abstract— The main purpose of this work is to limit the DC-link
voltage fluctuation in doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)
based wind turbine system to enhance low voltage ride through
capability. Grid-side and rotor-side converters control has been
addressed to avoid disconnection of turbine during fault
conditions but these works, thoughts, often ignore dc-bus voltage
ripples limitation during voltage dips, and fault ride through of
DFIG may not be satisfactory without minimizing the DC-link
voltage fluctuations within their acceptable ranges. In this work
an improved control strategy to limit the DC-link voltage
fluctuation under normal and fault conditions is implemented. A
modified control scheme has been applied to the direct current
loop of the grid-side controller. If the grid filter active current
setting during the voltage dip is determined, the sum of
instantaneous powers of the grid and the grid filter is nearly equal
to the instantaneous output rotor power, the DC-link voltage will
not change significantly and will remain nearly constant.
Simulations performed by Matlab software demonstrate the
performances of the proposed method in limiting DC-bus voltage
fluctuation during severe voltage dip.
Keywords— DC-bus voltage fluctuation; PI controller; voltage
dips; back-to-back power electronic converter; DC-link voltage
ripples; ride-through control; wind power generation
I. INTRODUCTION
Over the last years, there has been a strong penetration of
renewable energy resources into the power supply network.
Wind energy generation has played a very important role in this
area. Doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) are widely used
in wind energy conversion system (WECS) because theirs
voltage source converters only handles a fraction of the total
output power under steady state conditions. Additionally, the
active and reactive power can be easily controlled
independently through the back to back power electronics
converter [1]. The DC part of the back-to-back converter is
composed of a capacitor in parallel with a high resistance value,
and acts as a storage of DC power and filters out the variations
of the DC voltage prior to further processing in the inverter
section. The filtered DC power is then fed into the grid side
converter, which will convert and process the stable DC voltage
to produce AC power with the desired frequency and voltage
Level [2] [3]. However, it is shown that the instantaneous power
of power converters, connected to the grid has both DC and
pulsating components. While the DC part of grid power is
transferred to the load, pulsating part must be absorbed by an
instantaneous power-matching element typically realized by
bulk DC link capacitor [4][10]. Unfortunately, the process of
absorbing the sum of pulsating power by the DC-link
capacitance creates the DC-link voltage ripples [4][5]. These
ripples must reside within predetermined limits, set by both
grid-connected converter topology and DC link capacitor
voltage rating. Then, we can avoid violating both power
converters functionality and DC-link capacitor voltage rating
[4]. In order to handle such issues, the DC-link control plays a
key role to reduce the DC-bus voltage fluctuation. Some control
methods have been reported in the literature. In [6] an enhanced
state observer base controller is presented to control the DC-
link voltage and it has high disturbance rejection but its design
is very complicated. In [7], it is proposed a back-to-back
neutral-point clamped converter to maintain the DC-link
voltage constant during the grid voltage dip by storing the
active power surplus of the inertia of the generator. In [8], the
sliding mode controller is used to improve the DC-link voltage
stability in the outer loop of the grid side converter, providing
excellent transient response and steady-state behavior. In [11] a
dynamic DC-Link reference design is proposed due to the fact
that the performance of the traditional PI controller is not
satisfactory because of integrator anti-wind up problem. And
recently, the author in [12] used an anti-windup predictive
current controller applied to a DFIG-based wind turbine to
investigate the DC-link voltage and current transient overshoots
and ripples.
On the other hand, it is demonstrated in [13][14], that when
voltage dips occur a large voltage and high current in the rotor
windings are induced at the connection point of the DFIG to the
grid which can damage the rotor-side converter and increase the
DC-link voltage. In [12] [14] it is shown that the deactivation
of the rotor-side converter consumes more reactive power,
hence creating voltage instability. The wind turbines are desired
978-1-5386-0998-9/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE