Universal Journal of Agricultural Research 6(4): 133-147, 2018 http://www.hrpub.org DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2018.060403 Model for Evaluating Diesel Consumption in Agriculture and CO 2 Emissions, with Forest Projects to Extract Carbon from the Atmosphere Case Study: Banana X Soybean Luiz Carlos Sérvulo de Aquino 1,* , Brunna Simões Ungarelli 1 , Guilherme Amatuzzi Teixeira 1 , Aida Inírida Ortega Acosta 2 , Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos de Freitas 1 1 International Virtual Institute for Global Climate Change (IVIG), Coordination of Research and Engineering Postgraduation (COPPE), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil 2 Secretaría Distrital de Ambiente, Bogotá, Colombia Copyright©2018 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License Abstract The present research was developed with the objective of determining the consumption of the diesel oil in the production of cereals and fruits; assess the consequent amount of CO 2 emitted into the atmosphere; and, in addition, list forest projects that, through photosynthesis, during tree growth cycles, can contribute to the total or partial sequestration of these emissions. 41 crops were selected: 38 perennials and 03 temporary, for which were rescued production data from 13 consecutive years, from 2000 to 2012. Thus, with the resulting mathematical model, it was possible to obtain CO 2 emissions from all crops - individual or grouped -, as well as to compare the results of perennial and temporary plantations. The selected study case show, for example, a comparation the diesel consumption and the respective CO 2 emissions of the crops: BANANA (Musa sp.) and SOYBEAN (Glycine max), based on the Brazilian production. About regarding the sequestration of carbon (C) four forest mitigation alternatives were elaborated: i) FOREST PROTECTION PROJECT; ii) REFORESTATION with fast growing species; iii) AGROFLORESTAIS SYSTEMS (1st cycle); and (iv) URBAN ARBORIZATION PROJECT. For each option, there is the indication of the numbers of trees to be planted or hectares to be protected/ enriched for a purpose of the total or partial reduction of the quantity of CO 2 issued for atmosphere. Keywords Agriculture and Forest, Diesel Consumption, CO 2 Emission, Climate Change, Carbon Sequestration with Forests Projects 1. Introduction The modernization of the agricultural sector in Brazil and other Latin American countries began in the 1960s, with government investments in: infrastructure, implementation of communication systems; expansion of technical assistance, guarantee of minimum prices and the release of credit lines. But this modernization does not include the totality of perennial cults and the products vegetable of the extractivism. Moreover, at the time, there was no concern about greenhouse gas emissions, but a predominant developmentalist view in all sectors of the economy. Only 1980s, climate change has awakened concern within the international community, due to scientific evidence that was correlates the increase in greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) with global warming. Only in 1990, with the first scientific report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) [1], a relative consensus has alcanced about this theme, however did not excluded methodologics divergences between developed and developing countries, which yet be opposing stances, principally about the agroforestry parameters. Probably, for this reason, there has been, long the time, with rare exceptions, a delay in improving the data cataloging of agricultural production and forestry It is observed that, in Brazil and abroad, there are, for example, difficulties inherent to the survey and inference of carbon fixation rates of tree species, which represents, among others, a high degree of uncertainty caused by considerable soil differences, climate, and vegetation of the terrestrial regions. That way, the present agroforestry research aimed at CITE THIS PAPER [1] Luiz Carlos Sérvulo de Aquino , Brunna Simões Ungarelli , Guilherme Amatuzzi Teixeira , Aida Inírida Ortega Acosta , Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos de Freitas , "Model for Evaluating Diesel Consumption in Agriculture and CO 2 Emissions, with Forest Projects to Extract Carbon from the Atmosphere," Universal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 133 - 147, 2018. DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2018.060403.