International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Volume: 07 Issue: 05 | May 2020 www.irjet.net
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1452
Design & Development of 3D Components Manufacturing System using
Waste Paper
Mr. Chetan M. Thakar
1
, Dr. Suhas P. Deshmukh
2
, Mr. Taufiq A. Mulla
3
1
M.Tech. Production Engineering Student, Government College of Engineering, Karad.
2
Associate Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Karad.
3
PhD. Student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Karad.
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Abstract - The market for Additive manufacturing is
constantly growing in everything from the automotive
industry to ceramics. However the biggest part is still in more
traditional areas like prototyping using plastics. While 3D
printing do bring advantages such as being faster and less
wasteful than traditional manufacturing, also making it easier
to produce on demand. The problem is that the majority of
print material used is still plastic, which is one of the most
harmful materials for the environment. This became apparent
for us as well, thus we wondered why there isn’t more
sustainable materials for 3D printing. This has led us to study
a method to print with waste paper. The Paper Printer is the
3D printer which uses waste paper to replace plastic.
Generally the market of materials is growing and there are
other alternative materials you can choose from for your
prints. However most of others still hybrid materials using
PLA as a base. At the early stage we crossed path with 3D
modeling and additive manufacturing. Through this process,
we noticed the worrying amount of plastic being used in the
process and started searching for a more sustainable material
to replace it. As the amount of paper waste per person is at
around 80 kg yearly, we decided to study with this wasteful
and hugely used material.
Key Words: Layer, Rapid prototyping, SDL, SLS, STL.
1. INTRODUCTION
3D printers have been with us for decades, routinely turning
3D computer designs into detailed physical objects for
product design, education, architecture, healthcare, mapping,
historic preservation and other applications. These devices
create models in a range of materials, including plastic,
plaster, photopolymers, metal and sometimes even food.
Each of these materials brings inherent advantages and
disadvantages, depending upon your application. There’s
one more to consider: paper. Additively making parts using
ordinary paper as the build material is a bit deceptive. On the
one hand, you think such a 3D printed object can’t possibly
handle the potential wear and tear you might expose it to. On
the other hand, with the right binders and sealing materials,
you are almost returning ordinary paper to its original form
wood, with all the toughness, resiliency, and ruggedness of
wood-based products.
1.1 Literature review
[1]Direct Tool Production (DTP) by Laminated
Manufacturing techniques such as Selective deposition
lamination (SDL) & laminated object manufacturing is
extensively studied to exchange conventional tool
production techniques. The benefits we get from such
techniques are reduction in both production time & cost for
production. The major difficulty in this technique is
‘staircase’ effect arises due to distinct height of laminated
sheets. Their work shows experimental study to reduce
‘staircase’ effect by use of slant cutting & laser cutting.
[2]Laminated Manufacturing technique is a rapid
prototyping method which constructed part successively
from layers of paper. Their work shows the precision and
accuracy of the Laminated Manufacturing techniques & the
dimensional stability of their objects. The dimensional error
was the largest normal to the plane of the paper, intensified
by the moisture absorption and successive swelling. The key
process parameters were identified and optimized for
adequate bonding and cutting accuracy. [3]Their work
indicates an analysis of warping occurs in the laminated
manufacturing technique. Based on their study of thermal-
mechanical behavior of the adhesive and its effect on the
laminated materials, the cause of warping, the correlation
between temperature and adhesive viscosity, and the
adhesive linking intensity is investigated. An optimal
combination of the handling parameters may remove the
undesired warping effect. [4]Generally manufacturing
processes where tool has to travel along recommended path
to accomplish machining operation has an excellent
application, for this problem found in layered Manufacturing
method where the laser traces the profile of a layer by
moving along the path while the laser turns on. The path is
typically followed by a sequence of curves. For typical paths,
extra time may be wasted in the progression of tool in
between the end point of one curve to the start point of the
next curve along which the laser is turned off. Normally, this
non cutting motion generates straight line to minimize the
distance. A maximum linear intersection (MLI) algorithm is
introduced to solve this problem. [5]In their work the
principle of sheet metal Laminated Manufacturing methods
is described as well as the process chain of Laminated Object
Manufacturing method of metal foil. For each sub-process of
metal foil Laminated Manufacturing methods the results of
the experimental work for qualifying and optimizing the sub-
process are revealed. Finally some examples of possible