International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 05 | May 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 4998 Smart City’s Energy Management- IoT Integrated Smart Grids and Communication Technologies Sarika Y. Mane 1 1 Assistant Professor, K.J. Somaiya Institute of Engineering & Information Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The concept of a smart city is based on consistent power supply. Traditional power grids are being transformed into Smart Grids (SGs) to solve the problems of Uni-directional information flow, energy wastage, growing energy demand, reliability and security. IoT integrated Smart Grids can result in efficient power transmission and energy management. SGs require connectivity, automation and the tracking of such devices. This is achieved with the help of Internet of Things (IoT). IoT help SG systems to support various network functions throughout the generation, transmission, distribution and consumption of energy. In the paper we have discussed about the Smart City, Smart Energy, Traditional Power Grids, Smart Grids, Iot Integrated Smart Grids and Iot and Non-Iot Communication Technologies for SGs. We have also discussed the India’s Smart Grid Scenario. The main objectives of this paper are to study the Smart Grids along different communication technologies and put it in simplest way for the new learners. Key Words: Internet of Things (IoT), Smart Grids (SGs) 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Smart City Smart Cities Mission is an urban renewal and retrofitting program by the Government of India with the mission to develop 100 cities across the country making them citizen friendly and sustainable. A smart city is a sustainable and efficient urban centre that provides a high quality of life to its inhabitants through optimal management of its resources. Energy management is one of the most demanding issues within such urban centers. Therefore, significant attention and effort need to be dedicated to this problem. 1.2 Smart Energy Smart Energy [1] is one of the most important research areas of IoT because it is essential to reduce overall power consumption [4]. Smart Energy includes a variety of operational and energy measures, including Smart Energy applications, smart leak 260 monitoring, renewable energy resources, etc. Using Smart Energy (i.e., deployment of a smart grid) implies a fundamental re-engineering of the electricity services [5] Smart Grid is one of the most important solutions for Smart Energy. 1.3 Traditional Power Grids A traditional power grid consists of a large number of loosely interconnected synchronous Alternate Current (AC) grids. As shown in Figure 1, it performs three main functions: generation, transmission and distribution of electrical energy [6], in which electric power flows only in one direction, i.e., from a service provider to the consumers. In power generation, a number of large power plants generate electrical energy, mostly from burning carbon and uranium based fuels. Secondly in power transmission, the electricity is transmitted from power plants to remote load centers through high voltage transmission lines. Thirdly in power distribution, the electrical distribution systems distribute electrical energy to the end consumers at reduced voltage. Figure 1: Traditional Power Grid Architecture [6] 2. SMART GRIDS Traditional power grids are being transformed into Smart Grids to solve the problems of uni-directional information flow, energy wastage, growing energy demand, reliability and security. As shown in [2] Figure 2, SG offers bi- directional energy flow between service providers and consumers. The SG is comprised of four main subsystems such as power generation, transmission, distribution and utilization. Three types of networks, a wide area network (WAN), a neighborhood area network (NAN) and the home area network (HAN) are used in SGs. The power flows through the subsystems while information flows through networks. SGs employ various devices for the monitoring, analysis and control of the grid, deployed at power plants, distribution centers and in consumers’ premises in a very large number. Hence, SGs require connectivity, automation and the tracking of such devices. This is achieved with the