International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 05 | May 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 6755
Visualizing BGP Updates through Ladder Diagrams
Vishwas A Deshpande
1
, Shwetha Baliga
2
1
Student, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru,
India
2
Assitant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, RV College of Engineering,
Bengaluru, India
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Abstract - Almost 90% of all traffic on the internet is
routed using the Border Gateway Protocol, or BGP for short,
which is a standard exterior gateway protocol (EGP) designed
to exchange routing and reachability information among
autonomous systems (AS) on the Internet. BGP is the protocol
of choice for all major ISPs in the world. It is classified as a
path vector protocol, meaning that neighboring nodes in a
computer network exchange routing information to build
routes. BGP is highly scalable; However, with increase in
network size, troubleshooting issues arising in the
implementation of BGP becomes laborious due to a multitude
of reasons. Troubleshooting issues in BGP mainly involves
pulling up system logs which usually span thousands of lines
from the routers in the network, and manually searching for
the relevant logs, identifying the issue, and then taking
corrective action. Furthermore, even when BGP is
functioning correctly, identifying the reason why a
particular route was installed in a router’s routing table is
not intuitive, since one has to use the command line
interface on the routers to get this information. The
objective of this project work is to develop a tool which
can help make troubleshooting and monitoring of BGP
networks more intuitive and easy for the network
engineers involved through the use of Ladder Diagrams or
Sequence Charts, which show the flow of information between
different stages of a process, and also filter system logs
automatically to present only the relevant logs. The use of
the tool developed through this project work greatly reduces
troubleshooting speed, hence reducing the workload on
network engineers, and greatly reducing network down
time.
Key Words: Border Gateway Protocol, Logs,
Troubleshooting, Network Serviceability, Routing Protocol,
Internet Service Provider
1. INTRODUCTION
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an Internet
Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard, and the
most scalable of all routing protocols. BGP is the
routing protocol of the global Internet, as well as
for Service Provider private networks. BGP has
expanded upon its original purpose of carrying
Internet reachability information, and can now
carry routes for Multicast, IPv6, VPNs, and a variety of
other data.
When BGP is configured incorrectly, it can cause
massive availability and security problems, as
Google discovered in 2008 when its YouTube service
became unreachable to large portions of the Internet.
What happened was that, in an effort to ban YouTube
in its home country, Pakistan Telecom used BGP to
route YouTube’s address block into a black hole. But, in
what is believed to have been an accident, this
routing information somehow got transmitted to
Pakistan Telecom’s Hong Kong ISP and from there got
propagated to the rest of the world. The end result was
that most of YouTube’s traffic ended up in a black hole
in Pakistan. More sinisterly, 2003 saw a number of
BGP hijack attacks, where modified BGP route
information allowed unknown attackers to redirect
large blocks of traffic so that it travelled via routers
in Belarus or Iceland before it was transmitted on to
its intended destination.
Fig-1: Example BGP Topology
When network engineers have to tackle any
problems regarding either the configuration or
maintenance of BGP on network routers, they use
the logs generated by BGP debugging on the routers
to gain detailed information about different events
and updates with regard to BGP. However, a typical log
file may exceed millions of lines, and it becomes very