International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 05 | May 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 7181 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN FORENSIC SCIENCE Siddhant Gupta 1 , Mrs. Vinny Sharma 2 , Dr. Prashant Johri 3 1 Student, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Galgotias University, Uttar Pradesh 2 Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Galgotias University, Uttar Pradesh 3 Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Galgotias University, Uttar Pradesh ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The work aims to find improved and extensive ways to Boost, Broaden and Vest Forensic Science techniques in all its branches by using current science & technologies and also employing the new, latest and upcoming technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI). The paper converses the present-day and probable forthcoming applications of AI in Forensic Science. For example, AI can be employed in Blood Pattern Recognition & Analysis, Crime Scene Reconstruction, Digital Forensics, Image-processing and of course Satellite Monitoring. AI has a vast variety of applications, with preliminary being the investigation of crime scene till the ultimate judgment is being delivered by the court of law, AI show high potential in precision of result. Key Words: Artificial Intelligence, Artificial Neural Network, Forensics, Data Analysis and pattern recognition. 1. INTRODUCTION Forensic Science is the application of scientific principles, methods and techniques for the purposes of justice. It involves the use of effective scientific techniques and methods to investigate the crime and serve justice to involved parties. The word Forensic science has its roots embedded in ancient Roman times, where when an individual was charged with a crime, he/she was made to present the case before a group of public individuals in the forensic, meaning forum. The forensic was accountable for delivering the final judgment, after hearing the case from victim and from suspect. 1.1 Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence (AI) sometimes called as machine intelligence, is machine’s ability to show intelligence which is similar to the intelligence shown by humans and animals. Top Artificial Intelligence textbooks define this field as the study of "intelligent agents": any machine that senses it’s environment to perceive information and then take action according to the received data to maximize its chances of successfully achieving its goals. In the language of ordinary or familiar conversation, the term "Artificial Intelligence" is often used to describe the machines which imitate the "cognitive" functions of humans i.e. the intelligence functions that the human mind performs, including but not limited to "learning" and "problem-solving".[11] 1.2 Artificial Neural Networks Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are computing systems like biological neural networks that form up animal brains. These systems are not programmed to perform specific tasks, that would take so many lines of code and won’t even work for all the tasks.[10] ANN perform tasks by learning from the given examples. For example, they may learn to recognize photos that have dogs in them in image recognition by examining example photos that have been labeled as "dog" or "no dog" and using the findings to recognize dogs in other pictures. For example, they do so without any previous awareness about dogs, photos that have dog-like features, four legs and body form. Instead, they transfer pixel by pixel across the image pixel and produce identifying characteristics from the examples given and processed. Simultaneously, in Forensic Science there are six principles which are to be considered: First, Law of Individuality Second, Locard’s Principle of Exchange, third, Principle of Comparison, fourth, Principle of Analysis, Fifth, Principle of Probability and lastly, Law of Progressive Change[13]. The most basic principles of forensic science are the Locard’s principle of exchange which states that “when two entities come in contact with each other they leave a trace on each other”. This principle is fundamentally responsible for the basis of Forensic Science & Investigation, and also for AI in the sense that even a pattern will be enough to identify the suspect and will help us to perform our proceedings from Crime Scene to Courtrooms. Artificial Neural Network Applications in Forensic Science ANN and Artificial Intelligence will be of great help, if implemented properly in Forensic Science Fields. Some of its applications will be able to define its vast extent in Forensic World. 2. DEFINITIONS 2.1 Artificial Intelligence It is not easy to describe Artificial Intelligence, there is no well-established definition of Artificial Intelligence. Most of the concepts that exist tend to describe Artificial Intelligence in terms of "creating a computer process that acts intelligently" (but what is intelligence?) or "creating a computer process that can imitate human actions" (do people always act intelligently, what happens if a machine usually