International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 07 | July 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 694
Impact of Covid-19 in India’s Urban slum and Informal Settlement
Vivek Garg
1
, Shubham Yadav
2
, Shraddha Garg
3
1
Assistant Professor UTD CSVTU Bhilai, Urban Planning Department
2
Assistant Professor UTD CSVTU Bhilai, Urban Planning Department
3
Block Technology Manager ATMA Bhagalpur
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Abstract - As per census 2011 India’s urban poor
residents residing within informal settlements is over 65
million which is roughly 17 per cent of the entire urban
Population In Andhra state one out of each three urban
households is a slum nine out of each 10 slum families in
Odisha do live either without a sewerage connection or
connected to an open gutter Six out of 10 slum inhabitants
reside adjacent to unsanitary sewers and approximately
four of each 10 do not receive treated water. The situation
of urban slum is even going more vulnerable in the Covid-
19 pandemic. While the affluent urban residents can
afford to assure hygiene, access to essentials and non-
essentials, physical distancing, work from home, and get
protected under the social safety measures, urban poor
are even struggling to survive in this pandemic. But
though they are being the victims, they are even mainly
blamed for spreading the coronavirus disease and become
target of isolation, stigma, and social perception.
Reaching to the immense uncertainties of the pandemic,
we hold ill-famed examples like the relatively big outbreak
in Dharavi, Mumbai, or the spread of the virus in the slum
area of Bhopal, Delhi, and elsewhere.
Key Words: slums; global health; coronavirus; informal
settlement; community health;
1. INTRODUCTION
The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has
changed everything. It has forced humanity to flex and
evolve, both in real-time and in the long-term. Physical- and
social-distancing are buzzwords and an integral part of daily
life. In India, unprecedented urban sprawling already
impedes intensification of complex, urban issues including
but not limited to land, water and sanitation. Almost 65
million people or 17 per cent of the urban population live in
informal settlements. These two factors, combined with the
fact that India has a population density of 200,000 people
per square kilometer in slums like Dharavi in Mumbai, mean
that social distancing is almost impossible in the country.
The urban slum population is more prone to deficiency of
basic amenities like safe drinking water, sanitation, housing
and health care services.
Dharavi, Mumbai
The unprecedented lockdown in the country to prevent the
spread of the virus may be well-intentioned but not
adequate for this section of the population. A lockdown may
be an effective approach to stop the spread of virus.
However, the impact of COVID-19 on informal workers,
domestic workers, street-vendors etc. who are often
‘invisible’ during the normal days, will not just be restricted
to them, but will have multidimensional risks to the country
as a whole.
There are about 750 slums in Delhi which have a population
of about 15 to 20 lakh. At a time when the Delhi government
has asked people to home-quarantine themselves in a bid to
contain the spread of novel coronavirus, how is it possible to
maintain '2 gaj ki doori' in these areas where there are very
small houses and a dense population. After the spike in
coronavirus cases in Delhi, the government decided to
quarantine coronavirus patients at home. While the decision
is suitable for those living in houses which have two or three
rooms, it is not feasible for those residing in 8x8 rooms in
overcrowded slums.