Review Article
Industry 4.0 Disruption and Its Neologisms in Major Industrial
Sectors: A State of the Art
Ocident Bongomin ,
1
Aregawi Yemane ,
2
Brendah Kembabazi,
3
Clement Malanda,
4
Mwewa Chikonkolo Mwape,
5,6
Nonsikelelo Sheron Mpofu,
1,7
and Dan Tigalana
1,8
1
Department of Manufacturing, Industrial and Textile Engineering, School of Engineering, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100,
Eldoret, Kenya
2
Department of Industrial Engineering, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mek’ele, Ethiopia
3
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Nakuru, Kenya
4
Department of Applied Studies, Malawi University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 5196, Limbe, Malawi
5
Department of Mechanical, Production and Energy Engineering, School of Engineering, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900-30100,
Eldoret, Kenya
6
Department of Renewable Energy, Zambia Electricity Supply Corporation Limited (ZESCO), P.O. Box 33304-10101,
Lusaka, Zambia
7
Department of Fibre, Polymer and Materials Engineering, P.O. Box AC939, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
8
Department of Polymer, Industrial and Textile Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Busitema University, P.O. Box 236,
Tororo, Uganda
Correspondence should be addressed to Ocident Bongomin; ocidentbongomin@gmail.com
Received 3 June 2020; Revised 11 August 2020; Accepted 25 August 2020; Published 10 October 2020
Academic Editor: Jong M. Park
Copyright © 2020 Ocident Bongomin et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
Very well into the dawn of the fourth industrial revolution (industry 4.0), humankind can hardly distinguish between what is
artificial and what is natural (e.g., man-made virus and natural virus). us, the level of discombobulation among people,
companies, or countries is indeed unprecedented. e fact that industry 4.0 is explosively disrupting or retrofitting each and every
industrial sector makes industry 4.0 the famous buzzword amongst researchers today. However, the insight of industry 4.0
disruption into the industrial sectors remains ill-defined in both academic and nonacademic literature. e present study aimed at
identifying industry 4.0 neologisms, understanding the industry 4.0 disruption and illustrating the disruptive technology
convergence in the major industrial sectors. A total of 99 neologisms of industry 4.0 were identified. Industry 4.0 disruption in the
education industry (education 4.0), energy industry (energy 4.0), agriculture industry (agriculture 4.0), healthcare industry
(healthcare 4.0), and logistics industry (logistics 4.0) was described. e convergence of 12 disruptive technologies including 3D
printing, artificial intelligence, augmented reality, big data, blockchain, cloud computing, drones, Internet of ings, nano-
technology, robotics, simulation, and synthetic biology in agriculture, healthcare, and logistics industries was illustrated. e study
divulged the need for extensive research to expand the application areas of the disruptive technologies in the industrial sectors.
1. Introduction
In the second decade of the twenty-first century, the world
stands on the cusp of industry 4.0 paradigm which has
remarkably become global emergence with a core of in-
dustrial transformation, revitalization, and development [1].
Simply put, industry 4.0 is the integration of cyber and
physical worlds through introduction of new technologies in
theindustrialfields[2,3].Inotherwords,itisatechnological
revolution in every production system including operator
and maintenance [4], which is quite unique from the pre-
vious revolutions as shown in Table 1 [5–9]. Industry 4.0 is
the digitization of the industrial value chain which has
become unexampled for economic and social development
Hindawi
Journal of Engineering
Volume 2020, Article ID 8090521, 45 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8090521