1 TORTURE AND DEPRIVATION OF FREEDOM: THE SPANISH CASE Gemma Ubasart-Gonzàlez *** Cite this article: Ubasart-Gonzàlez, G. Torture and deprivation of freedom: the Spanish case. Crime Law Soc Change 60, 401–427 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10611-013-9455-9 *** ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT VERSION. The final publication is available at https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10611-013-9455-9 Abstract: In 2004 Theo van Boven, as Special Rapporteur of the United Nations, alerted the world community that torture and ill-treatment were more than sporadic practices within Spain. Numerous studies carried out by human rights organizations and international institutions endorse this affirmation. This paper attempts to analyse the elements that facilitate cases of torture and ill-treatment while proposing ideas about how to orient political action to eradicate these practices. Situated in the discipline of public policy this paper will try to understand the deprivation of freedom focusing the analysis on the most extreme practices of the State violation of human rights that are produced in these areas. This article first addresses a quantitative description of the presence of torture in Spain. The second section details the historical and political specificities of the Spanish case that are useful in order to understand the question and at the same time in order to establish points of reference for the design of public policy. In the third section the elements that make possible the existence of cases of torture in Spain are analysed, elaborating a typology of static and dynamic elements. The fourth section explains the relationship between democratic culture and torture. Key words: Torture, Human Rights, Prison, Police, Antiterrorism, Spain. Summary: 1. Torture and ill-treatment in Spain: An Obstinate Reality. 2. The Spanish Specifics: Between the Development of a Culture of Emergency and the Late Democratic Recuperation. 3. A look at structure and action in order to understand Torture in a Democratic State. 4. Citizenship and Democratic Culture. 5. Conclusions: Program of action for the eradication of torture and ill- treatment.