International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Volume: 07 Issue: 08 | Aug 2020 www.irjet.net © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3854 A REVIEW PAPER ON NUMERICAL MODELLING OF BUILDING RESPONSE TO UNDERGROUND TUNNELING 1 Mr.Shubham B. Shinde, PG Student Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune. 2 Prof. A. A. Galatage, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune. 3 Prof. P. S. Ingole, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune. 4 Mr.Swapnil S. Bhosale, Structural Consultant ,Pune. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Numerous attempts have been done to predict and subsequently control the tunneling- induced ground movements due to the fact that the number of tunnels in urban areas is increasing. However, existing methods are faced with some limitations and cannot take into account of all the influential parameters in creating surface settlements. As a result, in many cases, the existing methods are not accurate enough, whereas prediction of the exact amount of the maximum surface settlement and the shape of settlement troughs is important to estimate the potential risk of building damage induced by tunneling. Empirically derived relationships have been mainly developed based on field observations obtained from hand mines or tunnels excavated using open faced shields. Therefore, these methods mainly consider more of geological conditions than tunneling operational parameters. Although these methods provide satisfactory results in determining settlement troughs, they tend to be misleading in estimating maximum surface settlement. Analytical methods assume ground as an initially isotropic, incompressible and homogeneous mass. These methods have been only developed for circular tunnels and therefore are inapplicable for noncircular tunnels under invariant geological conditions. Finite element simulation usually obtains the settlement troughs shallower and wider than the field observations (Lee and Rowe, 1989; Gunn, 1993; Dasari et al., 1996; Addenbrooke et al., 1997). This limitation can be partly improved by using advanced soil constitutive models. However, the time and the cost for a full three dimensional analysis with advanced nonlinear soil constitutive models is substantial. In the case of building damage assessment due to settlement of soil layers, the existing methods assume the buildings infinitely flexible ground displacement. Therefore, these methods require separate numerical analyses to determine the influence of building stiffness on ground displacements. Moreover, existing methods mostly determine building damages in two-dimensional condition, while building damage due to tunneling is exposed to three dimensional ground movements. There is no doubt that the ground movements and building damage analysis would be more realistic if the measured data is used. According to the capabilities of FEM to find a pattern among the input and output data, this method has the potential to be appropriate approach to predict ground movements induced by tunneling and building damages induced by ground movements due to tunneling, while its limitation is eliminated. Key Words: Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM), Earth Pressure Balanced(EPB), Surface settlement prediction and monitoring instruments, Building settlement marker (BSM), Ground settlement marker(GSM),etc. 1. INTRODUCTION To cater the need of transportation in cities, construction of roads and railways has already been built. But due to higher growth of cities and their increasing population, these modes of transportation are not sufficient now a day. So a new concept has arises and that is Metro railways. But in cities like Mumbai and Delhi, people even don’t have sufficient space for building houses and residential complexes. Construction of Elevated Metros requires large space which is not available so underground metro is one of the best solutions. In some of the cities work has already been started. Construction of underground metro tunnels is not an easy task. People have to face various problems while constructing it. There is need to identify the problems and find the solution on it. We can identify number of problems faced by Engineers in metro tunnel construction. One of the problems is settlement of the overlying tunnel has to be reduced. 2. ENGINEERING SITUATION Settlement of the overlying tunnel happens in Shenzen Metro construction, China. The new tunnels and the existing tunnels are located at the curves of 350-m radius, and the intersection angle between the new tunnels and the existing tunnels in plane is 20°–23°. The vertical distance between two tunnel lines is 2132 mm and ground is made of gravelly clay. Settlement of overlying tunnel is a complex problem. They have reduced this settlement by using grouting in various phases. The grout proportion used was different for different phases. Prof. P. S. Ingole 3 , Mr. Swapnil S. Bhosale 4 Mr. Shubham B. Shinde 1 , Prof. A. A. Galatage 2 ,