International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 08 | Aug 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 3900 Design of Cool & Reflective Pavements for Reduction in Air Temperature at Day Time & Better Visibility of Road at Night Mr. Vidya Sagar 1 , Mr. Honey Gaur 2 1 M.Tech Scholar, Highway Engineering, Kalinga University, Naya Raipur- 492101, (C.G.) India 2 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Kalinga University, Naya Raipur- 492101, (C.G.) India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract – A pavement is a structure holding overlapped layers of processed materials above the natural earthen sub- grade. The pavement surface should be able to provide favourable light-reflecting characteristics. A Reflective & Cool Pavement is a kind of road surface layer that is light in colour as compare to the conventional dark pavement. This study aims to ensure that the dark colour of the pavement due to concrete, bitumen, tar and asphalt material is sufficiently be reduced so that it will reduce accidents at night due to visibility issues and reduce the air temperature of the road in the day time as well. This study gives an overview of pavement layers and their visible property. Various types of light-coloured road pavement, daytime luminance, night-time reflectivity on different types of roads and various benefits of light-coloured reflective road surfacing are to be studied in this subject. The urban temperature rises due to the effect of heat island in accumulation to the universal climatic variation, hence increases the temperature of heatwaves. Pavements in urban areas are made up of low reflective materials, which ultimately can attract a great amount of heat from solar radiation & then deliver it back to the surroundings. Pavements have become a significant contributor to this effect. Researchers have studied methods & techniques to reduce the urban heat and have acknowledged Cool & Reflective pavements as mitigation strategies. Using Cool & Reflective pavements helps to improve water quality, noise, safety, night-time illumination and reduces air temperature. It increases surface reflectance, which reduces the solar radiation absorbed by the pavement, increases permeability, which cools the pavement through evaporation of water and it provides a composite structure, which has been also found to release lower levels of heat at night. Roads become increasingly visible when using reflective pavements, which enhances traffic safety where normally dark areas exist both in rural and urban areas. Cool & Reflective pavements can be achieved by available materials. In this study, waste marble powder is used as a partial constituent in construction of cool rigid pavement. Such pavement is able to reduce peak surface temperatures by up to 3.2° C. Key words: Cool & Reflective Pavements; Rigid Pavements, Urban Heat Island; White Topping; Reflective Admixtures; Marble Powder; Bright Colour Aggregates. 1. INTRODUCTION As we observe that Cities can be several degrees warmer than surrounding regions due to the built environment and the concentration of human activity, a phenomenon stated as an urban heat island (UHI). The major cause of the urban heat island phenomena is urbanization, whereby natural soft- scapes are replaced with dark hard surfaces such as Asphalt roads and Cement Concrete pavements that absorb and reradiate thermal energy again back into the atmosphere. Urban heat island causes a substantial rise in temperature in the urban areas during the summer. Therefore, the level of greenhouse gas emission gets higher causing air pollution. The increase in solar reflectance of the urban surface reduces its solar heat expansion, lowers the temperature and decreases the discharge of thermal infrared radiation into the atmosphere. Cool & Reflective Pavement minimizes summer heat islands and improves the environment. Few authors have worked on Cool & Reflective Pavements but the application is minimal. There are little exploration and policy recommendations for cool & reflective pavements in India. Figure 1.1: Urban Heat Island Profile 1.1 OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to analyse the behaviour of a cool & reflective pavement. All the roads in our country have dark grey coloured pavement, which turns into the nearly black coloured pavement especially when rain occurs at night. It is very much problematic for a driver to judge the road edge in such an adverse condition. Visibility of a driver also gets distracted due to glare of headlights of in-front coming vehicles; it is observed that potholes are also not visible clearly on the roads at night in absence of street lighting. It has also been seen that many animals are laid on the roads majorly at village areas but not clearly visible at night. These all lead to road accidents due to poor visibility of roads to the driver. Cool & Reflective behavior of a pavement comes about by the response given to the choice of construction materials and engineering design. The use of Cool & Reflective pavements is meant to reduce pavement temperature by increasing pavement reflectivity or controlling temperature by other means and increase the visibility of road at night with the selected techniques. This report gives