A Social Psychological Index for Transitional Political Reconciliation (SPITPR–5F) 1 Manuel Cárdenas Castro Universidad de Talca Héctor Arancibia Universidad de Valparaíso Pete Leihy Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Patricia Obreque Oviedo Universidad de Talca Societal reconciliation and the transition from trauma to peace are increasingly prominent themes in psychosocial studies. In Chile, 3 decades after a transition from a long dictatorship (1973–1990) to restored democratic rule, the measurement of progress in reconciliation remains imprecise, despite a large body of testimony and other empirical evidence. This study explores the factor structure and measurement invariance of the Social Psychological Index for Transitional Political Reconciliation (SPITPR–5F) in a sample of 559 participants from Valparaíso, Chile. Exploratory factor analysis and multigroup confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the invariance of the correlated 5-factor structure with respect to sex and age variables. The reconciliation index shows good levels of reliability (w = .91), and results support a correlated 5-factor model of political reconciliation. Similarly, the fit index indicates the validity of the model and supports its strict invariance by gender but not by age. These results suggest that the SPITPR–5F is an evaluative five-factor measure of political reconciliation across the Chilean population. Public Significance Statement This study offers a valid and reliable model to measure progress in political reconciliation. The proposed model includes the measurement of variables political tolerance, social cohesion, support for democracy and human rights, institutional trust, and respect for rule of law and due process. Together these 5 dimensions help to properly represent the concept of political reconciliation. Keywords: political reconciliation, social indicators, confirmatory factor analysis, invariance measurement, Chile. Reconciliation sees a population move from a divided past to a shared future (Bar-Tal, 2000), without forgetting the past or forgiving the atrocities that have been committed (Cárdenas, 2019). It aims at the agreement and cooperation to allow 1 This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by American Psychological Association in Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology on October 12 2020 available online: https://doi.org/10.1037/pac0000522 How to cite: Cárdenas Castro, M., Arancibia, H., Leihy, P., & Obreque Oviedo, P. (2020, October 12). A Social Psychological Index for Transitional Political Reconciliation (SPITPR–5F). Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pac0000522 MANUEL CÁRDENAS CASTRO received his PhD in social psychology. He is a psychologist and doctor in social psychology. Currently is Professor of Social Psychology and Research Methods in Psychology School at Talca Psychology Faculty, Universidad de Talca. His research and publication interests include transitional justice process, memory policies, political reconciliation, political violence and human rights. HÉCTOR ARANCIBIA received his PhD in social psychology and methodology. He is Professor of Research Methods in the Institute of History at the Humanity and Educational Faculty, Universidad de Valparaíso. His research and publication interests include intergroup relations, multiculturalism, human rights, well-being, immigration and prejudice. PETE LEIHY received his PhD in higher education from the University of Melbourne. He is a postdoctoral fellow at Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. His scholarly interests include Latin American history and educational measurement. PATRICIA OBREQUE OVIEDO holds a degree in linguistics from the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina. Currently, she is pursuing a PhD in human sciences at the University of Talca. Her main research interests are discourse analysis, feminist studies and political reconciliation. THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN funded by the Associative Research Program of the National Research and Development Agency (PIA/ANID). This research is part of the project Anillos of Investigation in Social Sciences and Humanities “Political Culture and Post-dictatorship: Memories of the Past, Struggles of the Present and Challenges of the Future”. CORRESPONDENCE CONCERNING THIS ARTICLE should be addressed to Manuel Cárdenas Castro, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, Talca, Chile. E-mail: jose.cardenas@utalca.cl