VISUAL VIGNETTE
Globus Sensation Associated with
Cervical Spondylolisthesis
Lance M. Mabry, PT, DPT, OCS
Michael D. Ross, PT, DHSc Paul A. Martin, MD
Michael A. Tall, MD and Ryan L. Elliott, PT, OCS
From the Department of Physical Therapy, Kaiser Permanente
Medical Center, Vallejo, California (LMM, RLE); Department of
Physical Medicine, 382d Training Group, Fort Sam Houston,
San Antonio, Texas (MDR); Department of Otolaryngology Head &
Neck Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, Vallejo, California
(PAM); and Department of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Wilford Hall
Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas (MAT).
The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do
not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Department of Defense,
the United States Air Force, or other federal agencies.
Financial disclosure statements have been obtained, and no
conflicts of interest have been reported by the authors or by any
individuals in control of the content of this article.
0894-9115/11/9007-0615/0
American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
Copyright * 2011 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0b013e318214e269
A 63-yr-old woman reported to an outpatient physical
therapy clinic with a 1-yr history of right-sided neck pain
that was insidious at onset. The patient’s symptoms pres-
ented as an intermittent ache with numbness and tingling
radiating down the right upper limb to the dorsal aspect of the
hand. In the previous month, the patient had developed
transient weakness of both arms affecting the right side
greater than the left. Her symptoms were exacerbated by lying
on her right side, right cervical rotation, overhead extension
of arms, and use of a computer mouse. She also had a 1-yr
history of globus sensation that was noted initially at the same
time as her onset of neck pain. She described these symptoms
as a ‘‘lump in her throat,’’ hoarseness, and tightness/pressure.
The globus sensation was worse when lying supine on a pillow
and was intermittently associated with dysphagia.
The patient’s previous medical history included
hypertension, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and vertigo.
Laboratory values for thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating
hormone were within reference limits. Previous laryngoscopy
was significant for erythema and edema of the posterior
commissure and the arytenoid complex. The patient was
prescribed Omeprazole, which alleviated the burning symp-
toms from her gastroesophageal reflux disease but did not
change the globus sensation.
Cervical active range of motion was within functional
limits in all planes. Strength testing, sensation, and deep
tendon reflexes for the upper or lower limbs were within
normal limits. Clonus, Babinski sign, and Hoffmann’s reflex
were not present. Gait and hand dexterity were normal.
Posterior-to-anterior pressure applied to the C4 spinous
process was significant for instant reproduction of the globus
sensation. The latent reproduction of neck pain and right
upper limb numbness was appreciated after the C4 palpation.
Cervical radiographs demonstrated multilevel spon-
dylosis contributing to a grade I to II anterolisthesis of C4 on
C5 vertebrae (Fig. 1A). Magnetic resonance imaging also
demonstrated a grade I to II anterolisthesis of C4 on C5 ver-
tebrae, a grade I retrolisthesis of C5 on C6 vertebrae, and an
associated broad disc bulging causing mild central canal
narrowing (Fig. 1B). The patient was referred to a spinal
surgeon but ultimately refused surgical intervention.
Cervical induced deglutition disorders have been widely
reported in the literature, stemming from both anterior
vertebral osteophytosis
1,2
and thickness of the anterior cer-
vical fusion hardware.
3
To our knowledge, we are not aware
of any reports of globus sensation arising from a cervical
spondylolisthesis. It is reasonable to assume that sagittal
displacement of the cervical spine is capable of altering
esophageal alignment, thus inducing a globus sensation or a
deglutition disorder. Cervical pathology including anterior
osteophytosis and spondylolisthesis should be considered in
the differential diagnosis of patients with a globus sensation
or deglutition disorders.
REFERENCES
1. Matsuo K, Palmer JB: Anatomy and physiology of feeding
and swallowing: Normal and abnormal. Phys Med Rehabil
Clin N Am 2008;19:691Y707
2. Ortega-Martı´nez M, Cabezudo JM, Go ´ mez-Perals LF,
Ferna ´ndez-Portales I: Anterior cervical osteophyte causing
dysphagia as a complication of laminectomy. Br J Neurosurg
2005;19:174Y8
3. Chin KR, Eiszner JR, Adams SB Jr: Role of plate thickness as
a cause of dysphagia after anterior cervical fusion. Spine
2007;32:2585Y90
FIGURE 1 A, Lateral cervical spine radiograph demonstrating
a grade I to II anterolisthesis of C4 on C5 vertebrae.
B, Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrating a
grade I to II anterolisthesis of C4 on C5 vertebrae, a
grade I retrolisthesis of C5 on C6 vertebrae, and
associated broad disc bulging causing mild cen-
tral canal narrowing.
www.ajpmr.com Visual Vignette 615
All correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to: Lance M. Mabry,
PT, DPT, OCS, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, Outpatient Physical Therapy
Department, 975 Sereno Drive, Vallejo, CA 94589.
Copyright © 2011 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.