IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861.Volume 19, Issue 10 Ser.12 (October. 2020), PP 32-37 www.iosrjournals.org DOI: 10.9790/0853-1910123237 www.iosrjournal.org 32 | Page Outcome Assessment of Perinatal Asphyxia in Neonates: Study in a District Hospital, Natore, Bangladesh Md. Mosharrof Hossain 1 *, Fazlur Rahman 1 , Md. Ruhul Amin 1 , Md. Belal Hossain 1 , Md. Abdur Rahim 2 , Md. Shofiqul Islam 3 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Barind Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh 3 Junior Consultant (Pediatrics), Upazilla Health Complex, Manda, Naogaon, Bangladesh Corresponding Author: Dr.Md. Mosharrof Hossain Abstract: Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia (also known as neonatal asphyxia orPerinatal Asphyxia in children) is the medical condition resulting from deprivation of oxygen to a newborn infant that lasts long enough during the birth process to cause physical harm, usually to the brain.Perinatal Asphyxia in children is defined by the World Health Organization "the failure to initiate and sustain breathing at birth Aim of the Study:The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of perinatal asphyxia in childrenand neonatal risk factors, and study the cause of death. Material & Methods: There were 127 live births asphyxiated neonates who were clinically diagnosed and admitted in the department of Pediatrics, Natore District Hospital, Natore, Bangladesh during the period from January 2018 to December 2018.Clinical information was collected retrospectively from maternal records (maternal age, gravida, type of delivery, presence of meconium, induced or spontaneous labour, and pregnancy complications). The Hospital records provided additional information about new born infant (birth asphyxia, stages of Perinatal Asphyxia in children, birth weight, sex and subsequent mortality). Results:The outcome of treatment in babies with birth asphyxia showing the recovery rate in group one (HIE I) was 18(14.17%) , in group two (HIE II) was 90(70.87%) and in group three (HIE III) was 7(5.51%) and Death ratio was in group one (HIE I) was 2(1.57%) , in group two (HIE II) was 3(2.36%) and in group three (HIE III) was 7(5.51%). In Table-4 the morbidity and mortality in cases of birth asphyxia the highest causes of death in stage 3(HIE III) was 7(58.53%) Preterm with Hyaline membrane disease was 3(25%) and then the higher causes of death in stage II were Neonatal sepsis 2(16.67%). Conclusion: Birth asphyxia was one of the commonest causes of admission and mortality in the department of Pediatrics, Natore District Hospital, Natore, Bangladesh l. Babies with HIE Stage III had a very poor prognosis. Birth asphyxia combined with other morbidities was associated with a higher mortality. Sepsis is the commonest morbidity in cases of birth asphyxia. Maternal gravida, pregnancy complication with PROM,Thick meconium stain, APH, emergency caesarean section, term and male sex were the risk factors for birth asphyxia. Key Words: Birth asphyxia, HIE, Neonatal sepsis -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 15-10-2020 Date of Acceptance: 31-10-2020 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. Introduction Perinatal asphyxia (also known as neonatal asphyxia orPerinatal Asphyxia in children) is the medical condition resulting from deprivation of oxygen to a newborn infant that lasts long enough during the birth process to cause physical harm, usually to the brain.Perinatal Asphyxia in children is defined by the World Health Organization "the failure to initiate and sustain breathing at birth 1 .The WHO has estimated that 4 million babies die during the neonatal period every year and 99% of these deaths occur in low-income and middle incomecountries 2 .Threemajorcausesaccountforover three quarters of these deaths were serious infection (28%), complication of preterm birth (26%) andPerinatal Asphyxia in children (23%) 2 . This estimation implies thatPerinatal Asphyxia in children is the cause of around one million neonatal deaths each year. One of the present challenges is the lack of agold standardforaccuratelydefiningPerinatal Asphyxia in children.Because ofsamereasontheincidenceofPerinatal Asphyxia in childrenisdifficult to quantify. This is demonstrated by the difference in occurrence according to different studies, where the incidence ranges from 5.4/1000 live births in a Swedish study3 to 22/100 live hospital births in an Indianstudy. 4,5 The incidence of asphyxia in full term infants varies between 2.9-9.0 cases per thousand in industrial countries. The incidence forPerinatal Asphyxia in children is much higher in developing countries 6 . Hospital based studies in Nepal 7 and South Africa 8 estimated thatPerinatal Asphyxia in children accounted for 24% and 14% of perinatal