Civil Engineering and Architecture 8(5): 1028-1038, 2020 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/cea.2020.080529
Evaluation of Mechanical and Durability Performance
of Coir Pith Ash Blended Cement Concrete
Balagopal V, Viswanathan T. S
*
Department of Structural and Geo-technical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
Received August 5, 2020; Revised September 22, 2020; Accepted October 19, 2020
Cite This Paper in the following Citation Styles
(a): [1] Balagopal V, Viswanathan T.S , "Evaluation of Mechanical and Durability Performance of Coir Pith Ash
Blended Cement Concrete," Civil Engineering and Architecture, Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 1028 - 1038, 2020. DOI:
10.13189/cea.2020.080529.
(b): Balagopal V, Viswanathan T.S (2020). Evaluation of Mechanical and Durability Performance of Coir Pith Ash
Blended Cement Concrete. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 8(5), 1028 - 1038. DOI: 10.13189/cea.2020.080529.
Copyright©2020 by authors, all rights reserved. Authors agree that this article remains permanently open access under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International License
Abstract India is one of the prominent producers of
coconuts in the world. Along with the desired products,
many undesirable by-products are also generated from the
coconut and coir industry. Among the various by-products,
coir pith and short coir fibres are the major ones and are
obtained during the extraction of long coconut fibres. Raw
coir pith was heated in a metallic vessel at 450
o
C to obtain
coir pith ash. In this study, the impact of the presence of
CPA as a supplementary cementitious material, on the
various mechanical and durability parameters are taken
into consideration. The various parameters considered for
assessing the mechanical performance include compressive
strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength and
Ultrasonic pulse velocity. Water absorption and resistance
to sulphuric acid environments were considered to evaluate
the durability of CPA blended concrete. The resistance of
CPA blended concrete against sulphuric acid environment
was evaluated by considering the variation in weight, water
absorption and percentage loss in compressive strength.
Five concrete mixes were used for the study with CPA
content ranging from 0% to 20%. Indian standard method
of concrete mix design with water-cement ratio 0.45 was
adopted. To understand the effect of change in
water-cement ratio on the durability parameters of concrete,
the study also considered other water-cement ratios like
0.40 and 0.50. Results indicated that the mechanical and
durability performance improves when CPA is used as
supplementary cementitious material. Also, the specimens
with water-cement ratio 0.40 performed better than other
ratios.
Keywords Concrete, Supplementary Cementitious
Materials, Coir Pith Ash, Durability, Acid Attack
1. Introduction
The utilization of by-products from industrial and
agricultural sectors as supplementary cementitious
materials (SCMs) are gaining popularity among numerous
researchers across the globe. The use of SCMs not only
improve the product quality of blended concrete but also
reduces the cost and adverse impacts of concrete
production. The most prominent and popular SCMs
include fly ash, GGBS, metakaolin, sugarcane bagasse ash,
wheat straw ash rice straw ash, rice husk ash, etc. [1-7].
These materials possess pozzolanic property due to the
presence of amorphous silicon dioxide which undergoes
secondary reaction with lime (Calcium hydroxide) present
in the concrete matrix to form cementitious materials.
Concrete was considered to be a durable material and
due to this consideration, concrete constructions were
common even in areas of severe industrial pollution,
harmful subsoil conditions and other circumstances where
usage of alternate construction materials was not feasible.
However, exposure conditions can have a tremendous
impact on the life of concrete members. Though the
durability of concrete can be assessed by compressive
strength to some extent, it may not be entirely true that a
strong concrete specimen or member is always durable
since damage can occur due the harsh environmental
conditions [8]. As per the definition given by the ACI
committee, “Durability is the ability to resist weathering