New Species of Calceolaria (Calceolariaceae) from Northern Peru Carolina Romero-Hern andez William L. Brown Center, Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166- 0299, U.S.A. Carolina.Romero@mobot.org Rainer W. Bussmann William L. Brown Center, Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166- 0299, U.S.A. Rainer.Bussmann@mobot.org Pamela Puppo CIBIO-InBIO, University of Porto, Campus Vairao, ˜ 4485-661 Vairao, ˜ Portugal. p.puppo@cibio.up.pt ABSTRACT. Two new species of Calceolaria L. from Puppo, 2008; Madrin ˜ an et al., 2013). In northern northern Peru belonging to section Teucriifoliae Peru south of the Huancabamba Deflection, the Kraenzl. are described, illustrated, and compared lowest section of the central Andean Range, there is a with their most closely related relatives. These new great concentration of endemic species (Barthlott et taxa grow in the province of Bolıvar, ´ department of La al., 1996; Bussmann, 2006), especially in the Libertad, in Peru. Calceolaria chibulensis C. Romero, departments of Cajamarca and Amazonas (Puppo, Bussmann & Puppo grows at elevations between 2010b). The great majority of Calceolaria species 2400 and 2500 m; C. comulcana C. Romero, present in the vicinity of the Deflection are restricted Bussmann & Puppo grows at elevations between to a single valley on one side of the barrier or the 3900 and 4200 m. other, a favorable scenario for rapid allopatric differentiation to occur (Hughes & Eastwood, 2006; RESUMEN. Dos especies nuevas de Calceolaria L. Ackermann et al., 2008; Cosacov et al., 2009; del norte de Peru ´ pertenecientes a la seccio ´n Madrin ˜ an et al., 2013). This type of ecogeographic Teucriifoliae Kraenzl. se describen, ilustran y com- isolation seems to be the main barrier to gene flow paran con sus parientes m as cercanos. Estos nuevos and, consequently, is recognized as the primary taxa crecen en la Provincia de Bol´ ıvar, Departamento speciation mechanism in Calceolaria (Molau, 1988; de La Libertad, en Peru ´: C. chibulensis C. Romero, Ehrhart, 2005). Bussmann & Puppo entre los 2400 y 2500 m de The characteristic floral morphology of Calceolaria elevacio ´n y C. comulcana C. Romero, Bussmann & makes it an easily identifiable genus thanks to its two Puppo entre 3900 y 4200 m. stamens and bilabiate corolla with saccate lower lip Key words: Calceolaria, Calceolariaceae, IUCN that includes an abaxial infold lined with a pad of oil- Red List, La Libertad, northern Peru. secreting hairs known as an elaiophore (Molau, 1988; Se ´rsic, 2004). Only one species, C. triandra (Cav.) Calceolaria L., the largest genus of the Calceolar- Vahl, presents a 3-labiate corolla and three stamens. iaceae, includes over 250 species restricted to In the most comprehensive treatment of the genus to tropical and temperate Central and South America, date, Molau (1988) recognized three subgenera and distributed from Sierra Madre Occidental in central 22 sections within Calceolaria. Calceolaria subg. Mexico to Tierra del Fuego in southern Argentina Calceolaria is the most abundant in the Neotropics, (Molau, 1988). The majority of Calceolaria species while Calceolaria subgenera Cheiloncos (Wettst.) grow at elevations between 2000 and 4000 m (ca. 184 Pennell and Rosula (Descole & Borsini) Molau are species: Molau, 1988, 2003; Puppo, 2008, 2010a), mainly restricted to temperate South America. This though many species of temperate South America subgeneric classification has been supported by grow at lower elevations and are important members recent phylogenetic and morphological studies, of the coastal vegetation of Argentina, Chile, and although most of the 22 sections proposed by Molau Peru. The Peruvian Andes harbor the greatest (1988) were not retrieved as natural groups and, diversity of the genus in terms of number of species therefore, are in need of a taxonomic revision to (Molau, 1988; Se ´rsic, 2004; Andersson, 2006; redefine their limits (Andersson, 2006; Cosacov et NOVON 25: 316–321. PUBLISHED ON 25 JULY 2017. doi: 10.3417/D-16-00013