Arch Clin Biomed Res 2020; 4 (6): 632-656 DOI: 10.26502/acbr.50170131 Archives of Clinical and Biomedical Research Vol. 4 No. 6 – December 2020. [ISSN 2572-9292]. 632 Research Article Synergistic Effect of Inducible Factors on the Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells to Vascular Cells Renu Ramesh 1 , Jayakumar K 2 , Lissy K Krishnan 1* 1 Division of Thrombosis Research, Department of Applied Biology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Kerala, India 2 Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Kerala, India * Corresponding Author: Lissy K Krishnan, Senior Grade Scientist G, Division of Thrombosis Research, Department of Applied Biology, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, 695012, Kerala, India, Tel: +91 9447046727; E-mail: lissykrs@gmail.com Received: 15 October 2020; Accepted: 30 October 2020; Published: 06 November 2020 Citation: Renu Ramesh, Jayakumar K, Lissy K Krishnan. Synergistic Effect of Inducible Factors on the Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells to Vascular Cells. Archives of Clinical and Biomedical Research 4 (2020): 632-656. Abstract The use of cells derived from the patient’s tissue is an attractive approach to develop autologous tissue- engineered vascular graft (TEVG) to bypass the diseased blood vessel. Multipotent human adipose- derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) have the potential to differentiate into both smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs). However, the disease conditions affecting the growth and differentiation potential of cardiovascular disease (CVD) patient’s MSC (pADMSCs) is a hindrancee. This study aimed to derive both endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and smooth muscle progenitor cells (SMPCs) from pADMSCs using a specific niche comprising fibrin and other inducers. pADMSCs were seeded on SMC-specific/EC- specific fibrin matrix coated on tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) surface. In the third passage, pADMSCs were exposed to GFs for a specific period to induce pADMSCs to SMPCs. For inducing hADMSCs to EPCs, cells were exposed to GFs, followed by hypoxia. The EPCs were seeded in the lumen of a scaffold and applied shear stress to induce into ECs. The relative gene expressions at different