Istanbul Journal of Arabic Studies (ISTANBULJAS) http://dergipark.gov.tr/istanbuljas Istanbul Journal of Arabic Studies (ISTANBULJAS) Volume/Cilt: 3, Issue/Sayı: 2, 2020/2, 187-206 Research Article/Araştırma Makalesi The Pre-Islamic King in the Books of Proverbs ا ﻟ# ﻠ% ا ﻟ’ ﺎ ﻫ ﻠ ﻲ ﻓ ﻲ, - . ا ﻷ ﻣ1 ﺎ ل Abdulsattar Elhajhamed* ﻋ" # ا ﻟ’ ( ﺎ ر ا ﻟ+ ﺎ ج ﺣ ﺎ ﻣ# * * *Okt. Dr., İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi, Arap Dili ve Edebiyatı Anabilim Dalı, İstanbul, Türkiye * * د. ﻣ ﺤ ﺎ ﺿ ﺮ ﻓ ﻲ ﻗ ﺴ ﻢ ا ﻟ ﻠ ﻐ ﺔ ا ﻟ ﻌ ﺮ ﺑ ﯿ ﺔ، ﻛ ﻠ ﯿ ﺔ ا ﻵ د ا ب ﺟ ﺎ ﻣ ﻌ ﺔ إ ﺳ ﻄ ﻨ ﺒ ﻮ ل، إ ﺳ ﻄ ﻨ ﺒ ﻮ ل، ﺗ ﺮ ﻛ ﯿ ﺎ E-mail: abd.81@hotmail.com/ abdulsettar.hamed@istanbul.edu.tr Sorumlu Yazar/Corresponding author: Abdulsattar Elhajhamed, İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi, Arap Dili ve Edebiyatı Anabilim Dalı,, İstanbul, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3856-3944 Submission /Başvuru: 15 September/Eylül 2020 Acceptance /Kabul: 20 October/Ekim 2020 Atıf/Citation: Elhajhamed, Abdulsettar. “The Pre-Islamic King in the Books of Proverbs”, Istanbul Journal of Arabic Studies (ISTANBULJAS), 3/2 (2020/2), 187-206. Abstract The ancient Arab proverbs are an important source of ancient Arabic literature. They serve as a mirror that reflects the customs, traditions, and morals of the ancient Arabs and their perspective of life in general. At an early stage the Arabs gathered their proverbs and wrote them down in special books, called "Books of Proverbs". This study discusses the proverbs related to the pre-Islamic king in the ancient cassical Arabic proverbs books that were written during the first five centuries AH. In these books The writers attributed a good number of the proverbs to kings from the pre-Islamic era. There are proverbs that were first spoken at the councils of the kings of the pre-Islamic era, in other proverbs these kings' names were mentioned, and some proverbs referred to and related to them. In this article, we will mention those proverbs related to the kings of the pre-Islamic era and analyze them to present a clear image of the pre-Islamic king in the ancient proverbs books. Keywords: Proverb, king, proverbs, pre-Islamic era, image of the ruler. ﻣ ﻠ# $ ﺗ" ـ$ ﻞ ا ﻷ ﻣ* ﺎ ل ا ﻟ ﻌ/ 0 1 ﺔ ا ﻟ ﻘ4 5 6 ﺔ ﻣ7 ـ4 ر ا  ﻣ ﻬ6 ﺎ  ﻣ; ﻣ7 ـ ﺎ د ر ا ﻷ د ب ا ﻟ ﻌ/ 0 ﻲ ا ﻟ ﻘ4 5 ? ، و ﻫ ﻲ C 6 * ـ ﺎC ـ ﺔ ﻣ/ آ ة ﺗF ﻌ$ G ﻓ1 ﻬ ـ ﺎ ﻋ ـ ﺎ د ا ت ا ﻟ ﻌ/ ب ا ﻟ ﻘ ـ4 ﻣ ـ ﺎ ء و ﺗ ﻘ ـ ﺎ ﻟ1 ـ4 ﻫ? و أ ﺧ ﻼ ﻗ ﻬ? و ﻧQ / ﺗ ﻬ? إ ﻟ ﻰ ا ﻟT 1 ـ ﺎ ة ﻋ6 U ﻣ ﺎ  . ﻟ ﻘ4 ﺟ6 ﻊ ا ﻟ ﻌ/ ب أ ﻣ* ﺎ ﻟ ﻬ? و د و ﻧU ﻫ ﺎ ﻓ ﻲ ﻣ/ ﺣ ﻠ ﺔ ﻣ[ $ / ة ﻓ ﻲ\ ] ^ ﺧ ﺎ ﺻ ـ ﺔ ﺑ ﻬ ﺎ، أ b ﻠc ﻋ ﻠ1 ﻬ ﺎ ا ﺳ ـ? " \ ] ^ ا ﻷ ﻣ* ﺎ ل" . ﻫf ﻩ ا ﻟ4 ر ا ﺳ ـ ﺔ ﺗ] F ﺎ و ل ا ﻷ ﻣ* ﺎ ل ا ﻟ6 ] ﻌ ﻠ ﻘ ﺔC ﺎ ﻟ6 ﻠh ا ﻟi ﺎ ﻫ ﻠ ﻲ ﻓ ﻲ ﻛ] ^ ا ﻷ ﻣ* ﺎ ل ا ﻟ ﻌ/ 0 1 ﺔ ا ﻟ ﻘ4 5 6 ﺔ ا ﻟ ﻔ7 ـ1 T ﺔ ا ﻟ] ﻲ أ ﻟ ﻔl ﻓ ﻲ أ و ل ﺧ6 m ـ ﺔ ﻗ/ و ن ﻫi / o ﺔ. ﻓ ﻘ4 ﻧm ـ^ ﺻ ـ ﺎ ﻧ ﻌU \ ] ^ ا ﻷ ﻣ* ﺎ ل ﻋ4 د ا  ﻻC ﺄ سC ﻪ ﻣ; ا ﻷ ﻣ* ﺎ ل إ ﻟ ﻰ ﻣ ﻠU ك ﻣ; ا ﻟi ﺎ ﻫ ﻠ1 1 ; ﻓ ﻲ ﻛ] [ ﻬ? ، و ﻫF ـ ﺎ ك أ ﻣ* ـ ﺎ ل ﻗ1 ﻠ ـl ﻷ و ل ﻣ/ ة ﻓ ﻲ ﻣi ـ ﺎ ﻟG ﻣ ﻠU ك ا ﻟi ـ ﺎ ﻫ ﻠ1 ـ ﺔ، و أ ﻣ* ـ ﺎ ل أ ﺧ/ u ذ\ / ت ﻓ1 ﻬ ﺎ أ ﺳ ـ6 ﺎ ؤ ﻫ? ، و أ ﻣ* ﺎ ل ﺗ  T 1 ﻞ إ ﻟ1 ﻬ? و ﺗ] ﻌ ﻠc ﺑ ﻬ? . ﻓ ﻲ ﻫf ﻩ ا ﻟ6 ﻘ ﺎ ﻟ ﺔ ﺳ ـF f \ / ﺗ ﻠh ا ﻷ ﻣ* ﺎ ل ا ﻟ6 ] ﻌ ﻠ ﻘ ﺔC 6 ﻠU ك ا ﻟi ﺎ ﻫ ﻠ1 ﺔ و ﻧT ﻠ ﻠ ﻬ ﺎ ﻟF 7 ـ ﻞ إ ﻟ ﻰ ﺻ ـU ر ة و ا ﺿ ـT ﺔ ﻟ ﻠ6 ﻠh ا ﻟi ﺎ ﻫ ﻠ ﻲ ﻓ ﻲ\ ] ^ ا ﻷ ﻣ* ﺎ ل ا ﻟ ﻘ4 5 6 ﺔ. ﻛ ﻠ’ ﺎ ت ﻣ ﻔ+ ﺎ ﺣ- ﺔ: ا ﻟ6 * ﻞ، ا ﻟ6 ﻠh ، ا ﻷ ﻣ* ﺎ ل، ا ﻟi ﺎ ﻫ ﻠ1 ﺔ، ﺻU ر ة ا ﻟT ﺎ ﻛ? .