International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering (ijasre) E-ISSN : 2454-8006 DOI: 10.31695/IJASRE.2020.33950 Volume 6, Issue 12 December - 2020 www.ijasre.net Page 120 Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY-NC A Survey of Internal Combustion Engine Condition Monitoring and Fault Detection Techniques Sabry Allam 1 , Mohammed Abdo 2 and Mohamed khairy 3 Professor 1 , Assistance Professor 2 , Ph.D. Scholar 3 Automotive Technology Department, Faculty of Technology and Education, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt. ABSTRACT The internal combustion engine is the heart of cars, trucks, and many machines. It is the main source of movement and operation, and it consists of different mechanical sectors. Due to usage and aging, different faults can appear which affect engine operation and managing. Any small engine fault can turn into a major malfunction if it is not monitored and maintained at the proper time. Therefore, monitoring the performance of motors can save time and costs, improve their performance, and help them operate safely. Fault diagnosis, fault detection, and condition monitoring terms are used to describe similar concepts detection of any abnormality or deviation from the engines or machines normal condition. This paper describes a summary of the existing condition monitoring and fault detection techniques of the internal combustion engine, which are used for information collection to ensure operational safety, performance, reasonable maintenance, pollution prevention, and cost reduction. Keywords: Internal Combustion Engine; Fault Detection; Instantaneous Speed; Performance Parameter; Oil Analysis; Vibration Signal. 1. INTRODUCTION Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) has been the basic part of the car business since its initiation. Indeed, even as the efficient power vitality activity moves to the forward, the internal combustion engine continues to dominate both conventional and hybrid vehicles. ICE are contains a lot mechanical systems, every system has different mechanical flaws, the early stages fault detecting can help to avoid larger and more serious faults. Any small mechanical error can turn into a major malfunction if it is not monitoring and maintained with proper maintenance over time. Fault detection increase efficiency and safety, improve performance, and reduce overall system lifetime costs [1]. Therefore, monitoring these parts performance can save a lot of money, time, and maintain the acceptable of the engine performance. Trucks and some private vehicles are used diesel engine vastly due to its dynamic performance and good economy. The performance of the diesel engine has been developed due to the growing concern about environmental and noise pollution [2]. Engine performance is affected through power output, fuel consumption, exhaust emissions, and combustion efficiency when a failure occurs [3]. The failure increases the diesel engine operating cost [4]. Diesel engines operate at high pressure and temperature especially during a compression and combustion strokes that causes spontaneous ignition of the fuel. In addition, the speed of engine rotation varies from a few hundred to 3000 or more revolutions per minute. The high pressure, high temperature, and high speed increase the risk of faults occurring within the engine, Figure 1 shows faults classified according to engine systems and components [5].