CSEIT1952271 | Received : 15 March 2019 | Accepted : 07 April 2019 | March-April -2019 [ 5 (2) : 1019-1025 ]
International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology
© 2019 IJSRCSEIT | Volume 5 | Issue 2 | ISSN : 2456-3307
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32628/CSEIT1952271
1019
A Comparative Study on Load-Frequency Controllers of a Five-
Area Interconnected Power System
Dao Thi Mai Phuong
Department of Electrical Engineering Technology, Hanoi University of Industry, Hanoi, Vietnam
ABSTRACT
The crucial objectives of load-frequency control (LFC) to a multi-area interconnected power system are to
maintain the system frequency at a nominal value (50 Hz or 60 Hz) and the tie-line power flows at
predetermined values. Based on tie-line bias control strategy, conventional regulators, such as I, PI and PID,
were initially used for solving the LFC problem. Due to the complexity, nonlinearity and uncertainty of a
multi-area power system in practice, the conventional regulators may not obtain the control performances
good enough to bring the network back to the steady state as soon as possible. Meanwhile, intelligent
controllers, such as fuzzy logic (FL)-based controllers, are able to completely replace these conventional
counterparts. The superiority of the FL-based LFC controllers over the conventional ones for a typical case
study of five-area interconnected power grids is validated in this paper through numerical simulations
implemented in Matlab/Simulink package. It should be apparent from this comparative study that the LFC
controller based on FL technique is a feasible selection in dealing with the LFC problem of a multi-area power
network.
Keywords: LFC, Five-Area Interconnected Power System, Conventional Regulator, Intelligent Controller, FL
I. INTRODUCTION
Together with voltage, frequency is a highly
important parameter in power system operation and
control. The frequency of an electric power grid is a
systematic parameter, which is required to be a
constant value at any point of the network. The
nominal value of the electric power network
frequency is 50Hz for most countries in the world,
except in the US and Western of Japan the network
frequency is 60Hz. It is an undeniable fact that the
network frequency changes over time depending on
load characteristic which is always varying in an
electric power grid. Unacceptable system frequency
deviations from the nominal value affect a lot of
devices, causing unstable and uneconomic operation
of an electric power grid [1-3]. Therefore, it is
necessary to establish robust load frequency control
(LFC) strategies to control the automatic generation in
an interconnected power system [1]. In general, the
main roles of these control strategies are to maintain
the frequency and tie-line power to ensure the optimal
and economical generation in the power network.
Based on the tie-line bias control principle, two types
of LFC controllers have been applied, namely
conventional and intelligent controllers. At first, the
conventional controllers based on the integral (I),
proportional-integral (PI), or proportional-integral-
derivative (PID) regulators are used successfully to
reduce the frequency and tie-line power deviations.
However, by applying these controllers, main control