International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 08 Issue: 01 | Jan 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2021, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 11 Effect of Partial Replacement of Portland Cement with fly Ash, Rice Husk Ash and Bagasse Ash on Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete ER. Abdul Alim Ghayuori 1 , Abhishek Singh Rana 2 1 Fourth Semester Student, Master of CTM, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India 2 Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, UIE, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The aim of this review paper is to investigates the growth of chemical and mechanical properties of concrete to determine the workability, performance and durability of by optimal replacement of cement with ratio of Fly ash (FA), bagasse ash (BA), and Rice husk ash (RHA) with three categories of fly ash in terms of weight were performed for the replacement of cement. Materials with pozzolanic properties, plays an important role in the production of high performance concrete and emission reduction. There has been an improvement in the use of admixture by concrete industries. Waste utilization would not only be economical, but may also significant result in source of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and environmental pollution control. This investigation discovers the effects on the behavior of concrete produced from cement with combination of FA, RHA and BA at different proportions on the mechanical properties of concrete (compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength). Also find out the optimum percentage these materials as partial replacement of cement concrete. Key Words: Fly Ash (FA), Rice Husk Ash (RHA), Bagasse Ash (BA), Cement Replacement, Compressive Strength, Tensile Strength. 1. INTRODUCTION Researchers are working on formulating mixed cements by obtaining suitable pozzolanic agricultural by-products such as rice husk ash, and bagasse ash that could partially replace OPC in making cement composites. In hydration of Portland cement, calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] is obtained as one of the hydration products. Pozzolanic material is mixed with Portland cement, reacts with the Ca(OH)2 to produce additional calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H), which is the main cementing component. Thus the pozzolanic material decreases the quantity of the deleterious Ca(OH)2 and increases the quantity of the beneficial C-S-H. Therefore, the cementing quality is improved if a good pozzolanic material is mixed in suitable quantity with Portland cement. Studies of possible modifications to concrete’s components will have a huge impact on the usage volume of those components directly around the world because of the massive amount of concrete created annually (Joshaghani Et Al. 2014). Utilizing these material have vital influence on emission reduction and global warming. Concrete is mix of cement, water and aggregates. The admixtures may be added in concrete in order to increase some of the properties desired specially. Fly ash is the general pozzolan and is found extensively applied generally in concrete works. It is commonly recognized that the employment of fine fly ash upgrades the qualities of concrete. Even though the porosity of the paste is improved on account of the inclusion of fly ash, the average pore size gets reduced, resulting in a minimal porous paste. The interfacial domain of the interface between aggregate and the matrix also becomes superior in view. The optimum volume of fly ash is not only with the application, but also with composition and proportions of all the materials in the concrete mixture. A measureable undefitanding of the effectiveness of fly ash as admixture in concrete is significant for its effective utilization. There is Later efforts towards an effective application led to rational methods of incorporating fly ash in concrete, considering the two concretes (with or without fly ash) can be made to reach the same strength at a given age by regulating their water cementitious materials ratios. This done either by adjusting the quantity of fly ash introduced for replacing the cement or through the “cementing efficiency factor” of fly ash. fly ash shows very little cementing efficiency at the early ages and performances rather like fine aggregate (filler), but at later ages the pozzolanic property becomes effective leading to a considerable strength improvement. This obviously means that the cementing efficiency of fly ash increase with age because of the pozzolanic reaction. Bagasse is a major by- product of the sugar industry, which is utilized in the same industry as an energy source for sugar production (Xie et al. 2001). Sugarcane contains 25 -30% bagasse, whereas industry recovered sugar is about 10%. Bagasse is also used as a raw material for paper making because of its fibrous texture, and about 0.3 tons of paper can be made from one ton of bagasse. The ash produced by the controlled burning of agro waste materials below 700°C incinerating temperature for 1 h transforms the silica content of the ash into an amorphous phase (Amin et al. 2009), and the reactivity of amorphous silica is directly proportional to the specific surface area of ash (Ali et al. 2009). The ash so manufactured is pulverized or ground to the required fineness, then mixed with cement to produce a blended cement. Thus, the agricultural ash properties depend on burning time, temperature, cooling time, and grinding conditions.