Mohammed Zameer, Tazeen Dawood, Syed Nahid Basheer, Dr. Syed Wali Peeran, Syed Ali Peeran, Sameen Badiujjama Birajdar, et al., Non-Syndromic Oligodontia In A Child - A Rare Case. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. 2021;8(1):1057-1059. 1057 OPEN ACCESS https://scidoc.org/IJDOS.php Non-Syndromic Oligodontia In A Child - A Rare Case Case Report Mohammed Zameer 1* , Tazeen Dawood 2 , Syed Nahid Basheer 3 , Dr. Syed Wali Peeran 4 , Syed Ali Peeran 5 , Sameen Badiujjama Birajdar 6 , Arun Reddy 7 1 Registrar Pedodontist, Armed Forces Hospital, Jazan, KSA. 2 Assistant Professor, Periodontics Division, Department of Preventive Dental science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, KSA. 3 Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA. 4 Senior Registrar periodontist, Armed Forces Hospital, Jazan, KSA. 5 Registrar Prosthodontist, Armed Forces Hospital, Jazan, KSA. 6 General Dentist, Sanjeevani Dental Clinic, Raichur, India. 7 Associate Professor, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Orthodontics, Navodaya Dental College, Raichur, India. International Journal of Dentistry and Oral Science (IJDOS) ISSN: 2377-8075 *Corresponding Author: Dr. Mohammed Zameer M.D.S (Pediatric Dentistry), Registrar Pedodontist, Armed Forces Hospital, Jazan, KSA. E-mail: drmohammedzameer@gmail.com Received: December 12, 2020 Accepted: December 30, 2020 Published: January 09, 2021 Citation: Mohammed Zameer, Tazeen Dawood, Syed Nahid Basheer, Dr. Syed Wali Peeran, Syed Ali Peeran, Sameen Badiujjama Birajdar, et al., Non-Syndromic Oligodontia In A Child - A Rare Case. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. 2021;8(1):1057-1059. Copyright: Mohammed Zameer © 2021. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Introduction Congenital absence of permanent teeth is the most common de- velopmental anomaly in children [1, 2]. The prevalence of con- genitally missing permanent teeth has been reported to vary from 2.2 to 9.7% in children of saudia arabia [1-3]. In literature, this has been classifed according to the number of congenitally missing permanent teeth, excluding the third molars. Anodontia refers to a condition with complete absence of teeth. Oligodontia (OD) is the term given to the condition with six or more missing teeth. Patients with one to fve missing teeth are categorized as having hypodontia [4]. OD is a rare condition with a reported prevalence of 0.084%.5 It has been studied as syndromic and non-syndromic forms, since this developmental disturbance was found in patients with de- fned congenital anomalies or syndromes [4, 6, 7]. The causative mechanism of oligodontia has been associated with multiple fac- tors [8, 9]. It is proposed that complex interactions between en- vironmental, genetic and epigenetic factors during odontogenesis play a role in the development of numerical dental anomalies [10]. The non-syndromic variant has been linked to mutations of genes PAX9, EDA, MSX1, AXIN2, EDARADD, NEMO, KRT17 and WNT10A [11-13]. This numerical dental anomaly is associated with anomalies of tooth size and form (microdontia, conical shaped teeth, tauro- dontism and dens invaginatus) [14-19] and disturbances in tooth eruption (delayed eruption of permanent teeth and retention of primary teeth) [16, 19-23]. The association of taurodontism in children with oligodontia has been reported in the literature. In a study, children with OD have shown 28.9% occurrence of taurodontism in one or more frst mandibular molars.15 A few cases with taurodontism in mandibular molars in patients with OD have been reported [16, 17, 24]. However, to the best of our knowledge the association of OD with taurodontism in perma- nent maxillary molars has not been reported. Based on the avail- able data, this developmental anomaly has shown to have severe manifestations relating to function and psychosocial well being [6, 25]. Moreover quality of life outcomes in children affected with OD appears to be adversely impacted in their daily life in terms of function and emotional well being [25-27]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the frst reported case of a non-syndromic OD Abstract Oligodontia(OD) is a rare numerical dental anomaly characterized by agenesis of six or more permanent teeth, excluding the third molars. It may show severe manifestation in relation to function and psychosocial wellbeing. Literature indicates children with OD are associated with taurodontism in one or more mandibular molars. To the best of our knowledge this is the frst case of a non- syndromic OD in a child with taurodontism in both permanent maxillary and mandibular frst molars. Due to the sporadicity of this anomaly, every individual case of OD should be reported to improve understanding of the condition. Keywords: Oligodontia; Taurodontism; Retained Primary Tooth.