Preparation of SiO 2 -Na 2 O-CaO-P 2 O 5 Glass-Ceramic from Waste Materials and Heat Treatment Effects on its Morphology N.F. Baharuddin Pallan 1,a* , K.A. Matori 1,b , M. Hashim 1,c , W.F. Lim 1,d , H.J. Quah 1,e , A.N. Fauzana 1,f , N. Rosnah 1,g , M.Z.A. Khiri 1,h , S. Farhana 1,i , Z. Norhazlin 2,j , N.A. Zarifah 3,k , M. Nurzilla 3,l , M.Z.M. Hafiz 3m , C.W. Loy 3,n , M.I.M. Zamratul 3,o 1 Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia 3 Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia a nurfadilahbaharuddin@gmail.com, b khamirul@upm.edu.my, c mansor@upm.edu.my, d wayfoong317@yahoo.com.sg, e jinquah1st@hotmail.com, f fauzana22@yahoo.com, g rnawang@upm.edu.my, h mzulhasif@gmail.com, i nfarhanasamsudin@gmail.com, j norhazlin@upm.edu.my, k zarifah_alassan@yahoo, l nurzilla@gmail.com, m mhmzaid@gmail.com, n aaron_loy_41f@hotmail.com, o zamrah48@gmail.com Keywords: Glass-ceramic, Solid State, Soda Lime Silica, Clam Shell, Waste Materials Abstract. Currently, many researchers interested studying waste materials to recycle them or reuse them in new products. From the sustainable perspective development, it is necessary to implement new technologies to help reduce waste and thus minimize the environmental problems associated with disposal. In this study, the preparation of SiO 2 -Na 2 O-CaO-P 2 O 5 (SNCP) glass-ceramic is composed of Soda Lime Silicate (SLS), Clam Shell (CS), Na 2 CO 3 and P 2 O 5 in the ratio of 50: 25: 20: 5 respectively. The waste materials that were used for fabricate glass-ceramic are SLS and CS. All the compounds were mixed to fabricate the SNCP glass-ceramic through solid state reaction. The samples were investigated through X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission microscope (FESEM) and density measurement. The samples were sintered at temperature 550°C, 650°C, 750°C, 850°C until 950°C. The main phase obtained from XRD analysis is Sodium Calcium Silicate, Na 2 CaSiO 4 with cubic crystal system at 550°C. The highest intensity phase of the diffraction peak is (220) and at the angle 33.7°. There was new peak presence at right side of the main phase Na 2 CaSiO 4 , which belong to Silicon Phosphate, SiP 2 O 7 at 650°C and 750°C. When heat treatment increased at 850°C - 950°C, the main phase is Combeite, Na 4 Ca 4 (Si 6 O 18 ) at diffraction peak (220) with rhombohedral crystal system which is assigned to high crystallization temperature (T c ). The density of samples increases at 550°C - 750°C and decreases when heat treatment 850°C - 950°C. Sample density decreases at heat treatment 850°C - 950°C due to increases of sample lattice parameter. FESEM analysis showed that the grain size and porosity increased when the heat treatment increased. INTRODUCTION A lot of research has been carried out to find out the substitute to support the bone in the medical field. Ceramic composites enjoy superiority due to similarity with bone minerals, exhibiting biocompatibility and are able to be shaped into definite size. Composite ceramic play a key role for the choice of bioceramic according to the site of implantation and their broad implication as implants. Nowadays, bioceramics are the better alternatives since they have high corrosion resistance, better compressive strength and relatively low density and low weight [1]. SNCP glass- Materials Science Forum Submitted: 2015-01-11 ISSN: 1662-9752, Vol. 846, pp 189-192 Revised: 2015-09-27 doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.846.189 Accepted: 2015-09-30 © 2016 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland Online: 2016-03-04 All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of Trans Tech Publications, www.ttp.net. (#67841702, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA-02/06/16,10:31:19)