Austroasiatic affixes and grammatical lexicon Mark Alves, Mathias Jenny & Paul Sidwell The editors of this volume collaborated to create this Austroasiatic grammatical lexicon as a resource for the investigation of the history of PAA syntax. It began as a simple compilation of grammatical and grammaticalised items extracted from Shorto's (2006) reconstruction of Proto- Austroasiatic/Mon-Khmer, and was then augmented with data from the SEAlang Mon-Khmer and Munda Languages Project. Later, special sections on pronouns and morphology were added, extending beyond Shorto’s work with other published sources. As noted in the introduction, in the history of Austroasiatic research, morphosyntax has been somewhat neglected in favour of lexical and phonological studies, and this has affected the quality and quantity of available grammatical data and remains a serious ongoing problem. This is not to denigrate previous work; researchers legitimately prioritized those facets of language, especially phonology and lexicon that were important to them, and were largely consistent with their immediate professional milieu. In the second half of the 20th century, the diverse and highly dynamic world of grammatical theory often seemed remote from the concerns of those collecting primary data, and work presented within the constraints of particular theoretical approaches was not made more accessible by that fact. Consequently, we feel that it is appropriate to take a back-to- basics approach and present a broad index of grammatical items in etymological context. Austroasiatic reconstruction remains a maturing field. Thus, it is not possible to simply list proto-AA forms for any or all grammatical items, yet it is still often premature to set aside particular etyma that are not widely attested, so we must proceed carefully while always making clear our data sources and reasoning. The compilation presented here is to be regarded as a working document and resource in a highly contingent field of inquiry. Some reconstructions involve only a couple of branches (with a number of items moved to the the final subsection of this paper as items of less likely PAA items or complete exclusions), while others appear in several branches and thus can be considered stronger candidates for original Proto-AA status rather than later innovations which spread aross multiple branches. This data thus gives a sense of Proto-AA grammar, from personal and demonstrative pronouns, to negation and time, to location and comparison. Missing from this list are preverbal modal verbs, sentence particles, and classifiers, which are common regionally and which have identifiable content-word sources that developed grammatical functions (although we do include a section of high-frequency generic verb that have a strong tendency to grammaticalize). Items are listed in sections with reconstructions and discussion of their geographic distribution in AA and occasional comments on additional grammatical developments and issues of language contact. The main sections include (1) affixes and reduplication, (2) pronouns, (3) other referential terms, (4) interrogative terms, (5) locative terms, (6) grammatical/grammaticalized verbs, and (7) excluded items. The referencing of sources within entries requires some explanation. Unreferenced items are taken directly from Shorto (2006) and can be found under the Shorto entry numbers at the head of the relevant set; where Shorto items have been reassigned to other sets, this is noted. Most other additional data items were sourced via the online SEAlang Mon-Khmer Etymological Dictionary and the SEAlang Munda Etymological Dictionary and are provided with reference information provided by these sites. A small number of additional items are taken from other sources and are refenced conventionally. 1. Affixes and Reduplication Discussion of pAA morphology necessarily begins with consideration of the contraints on word shape and word formation. Comparative reconstructions suggest that the pAA phonological word was highly constrained, in ways that also interacted with the morphology to condition tendencies among