© UIJIR | ISSN (O) –2582-6417 NOV 2020 | Vol. 1 Issue 6 www.uijir.com Universe International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (Peer Reviewed Refereed Journal) DOI: http://www.doi-ds.org/doilink/09.2020-93756928/ www.uijir.com Page 7 THE SETTLEMENT AND PATTERNS OF THE MACCAA OROMO Author Name:MelkamuTafessaAmenu Affiliation: Department of History and Heritage Management, College of Social science and Humanities, Wallaggaa University, Shaambuu Campus, Oromia, Ethiopia Email:bikiltu60@gmail.com DOI No. – 08.2020-25662434 Abstract This paper deals about the patterns and settlement of the MaccaaOromoo and how they formed their own socio- economic and political center after they left OdaaNabee. It also deals about the traditions of the separation ofMaccaa from Tuulamaa. Different traditions tell different causes of their separation. One tradition a fate of separation on the other. In whatever, Maccaa separated from Tuulamaa. They founded OdaaBisil, OdaaBulluq and other centers of sub-caffee in different areas of the present Maccaa territories of south and north Mormor River. Keywords: Settlement and patterns, Expansion, Gadaa System,Odaaand Caffee. INTRODUCTION This paper deals about the settlement and patterns of the Maccaa Oromo. The Maccaa and Tuulamaa were the strong warriors among the sons of Booranaa. Maccaa left Odaa Nabee for Odaa Bisil in West Shawa and expanded into present day territories of West Shawa, Southwest Shawa, Jimmaa, Ilu Abbaa Booraa, Wallaggaa. Both Maccaa and Tuulama were separated when Maccaa formed sub-Maccaa confederacies of Afree and Sadachaa. The process of expansion is not an overnight process. Rather, it is a gradual and slow process. Maccaa had twelve sons. These were: Jaawwii, Liiban, Galaan, Jibaat, Hoboo, Aboo, Dahayee, Daallee, Tummee, Laaloo, Abballan and Gundee. Among these twelve sons, Abballan and Gundee expaned into North of Mormor River. The rest ten sons said to be expanded into South of Mormor River. MATERIALS AND METHODS To compose this paper, I used both primary and secondary historical sources, which include both published and unpublished. The materials which I used as source are also not specifically produced for the Settlement and patterns of the Maccaa Oromo. Rather, these sources are general and mainly produced to explain about the issues of the original homeland of the Oromo people before 16 th century. I also used both archives and manuscripts from what I have collected for my BA and MA thesis. The archival documents and manuscript used in this paper were collected from different institutions and individuals in Oromia Regional State and in different zonal and district administration Offices of this region. Apart from these, I also used oral traditions what I have interviewed key informants during my field work for the fulfillment of my BA and MA thesis from 2012-2018. THE SETTLEMENT AND PATTERNS OF THE MACCAA OROMOO The issue of the original homeland and the cause of the Oromo expansion became the hot and contradicting issues in the history of the Horn of Africa. These controversies start from the pejorative term used by some authors in place of Oromo to call the people. This was why the different writers located the original homeland of the Oromo people into different places and presented different reasons based on their perspectives (Woliye, 2006).