Trakia Journal of Sciences, Vol. 18, Suppl. 1, 2020 891
Trakia Journal of Sciences, Vol. 18, Suppl. 1, pp 891-896, 2020
Copyright © 2020 Trakia University
Available online at:
http://www.uni-sz.bg
ISSN 1313-3551 (online) doi:10.15547/tjs.2020.s.01.146
BUILDING SOCIAL CAPITAL THROUGH INCLUSIVE BASKETBALL
S. Djobova*, M. Borukova, I. Kirilova
National Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
ABSTRACT
The inclusive basketball program of the National Sports Academy is a compilation of adapted and
unified basketball where persons with intellectual and physical disabilities together with students and
volunteers are training and competing together.
PURPOSE of this study is to explore the extent of contribution of our program for the building of social
capital. The concept of social capital is drawn from psychology, sociology and economy. It is defined as
controversial due to many theories and cultural diversity behind.
METHODS: Participants in the study were all persons involved in the adapted basketball program. Data
was collected using interviews, life-story techniques, field notes and tests batteries for basketball skills.
RESULTS are showing improvement in personal development domain for the athletes with disabilities
where sport specific skills, building trust and communications were the leading components. For the
students in the same domain the leading components of improvement were attitudes and relationships.
Positive change was found in the domains of social inclusion, micro-culture and participation. We also
found that there is direct and indirect production of social capital.
CONCLUSION: inclusive sport practice like our adapted basketball program could be considered as a
powerful contributor to the building of social capital.
Key words: inclusion, unified sport, socialization, skills, Special Olympics
INTRODUCTION
Sport has the universal power to unite people,
to overcome political, cultural, and social
barriers, and to develop a human personality.
Participation to sport is a basic human right but
still many persons with disabilities limited or
no access to sport. Some existing opportunities
are segregated and exclusive. Inclusive sports
are practices that encompass diverse physical
activities and sports training where persons
with and without disabilities are enjoying sport
under the environment of equity. Sport
opportunities for persons with disabilities can
differ along a number of structural aspects
including the amount of segregation or
integration of disabled and able-bodied athletes
or of athletes with different types or degrees of
disability within a mainstream sport, degree of
________________________
*Correspondence to: Stefka Djobova, National
Sports Academy “Vassil Levski”, Faculty of Public
health, health care and tourism, Water sports
department, sector Adapted physical activity and
sport; Faculty of Pedagogy, Basketball, volleyball,
handball department, sector Basketball, 1700,
Sofia, Studentski grad, Email:
Stefka.djobova@abv.bg, Mobile: +359 893 396 331
adaptation, classifications, level of competitive
intensity and inclusiveness of eligibility. Two
prominent examples of disability sport are the
Special Olympics and the Paralympics.
The scientific research of social and cultural
aspects of disability sport is relatively new.
The first attempt to collect academic work in
this area was done by Claudine Sherrill as
editor in the distant 1986 in a book named
Social and psychological dimensions of sport
for disabled athletes (1). The first
comprehensive book about sport for persons
with disabilities - “Disability and Sport”, was
published in 1995 by DePauw and Gavron (2).
The two leading journals publishing studies of
disability sport are the Adapted Physical
Activity Quarterly and European Journal in
Adapted Physical Activity. Ian Brittain has
researched social aspects of disability sport
also. According to Bailey (3),+ participation in
sport supports the development of social
capital by emphasizing on social activity, like
an opportunity to make friendships,
establishing networks and decrease social
segregation. The position of Chandler et al. is