IJSRCH18326 | Received : 16 August 2018 | Accepted : 27 August 2018 | July-August-2018 [ 3 (2) : 60-69]
International Journal of Scientific Research in Chemistry (IJSRCH) | Online ISSN: 2456-8457
© 2018 IJSRCH | Volume 3 | Issue 2
60
Simultaneous Phytoremediation of Cr(VI) and Phenol Using
Aquatic Macrophyte Water Hyacinth : Effect of PH and
Concentrations
Dr. Ankur Gupta
1
, Chandrajit Balomajumder
2
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttrakhand, India
2
Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttrakhand, India
ABSTRACT
In this study removal of Cr(VI) and phenol was carried out in single and binary synthetic solution using the
phytoremediation process. For this purpose, plants were grown in photosynthesis chamber with 12 h light and
12 h dark period. The plants were grown in nutrient solution accompanied with Cr(VI) and phenol. The
various initial concentrations of Cr(VI) (5, 10, 15, 20 mg/L) and phenol (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 mg/L) in single
component synthetic solution of Cr(VI) and phenol and binary solution of Cr(VI) containing Cr(VI) and phenol
in (1:2) ratio was used for the experimentation. The effect of initial concentrations o to the specific growth rate
of the plant was investigated. The effect of pH on to the percentage removal of Cr(VI) in binary solution was
also investigated.
Keywords : Water Hyacinth, Binary Solution, Chlorophyll, Phytoremediation, Specific Growth Rate.
I. INTRODUCTION
The discharge of wastewater from various industries
to the main water bodies like river is the main focus of
research now a days. The industrial effluents contain
mainly toxic heavy metals and organic compounds.
Industrial pollution is a potential threat affecting the
water bodies, soil and air, which ultimately affects the
whole ecosystem. Among these heavy metals and
organic compounds, pollution caused by chromium
(Cr) and phenol (C6H5OH) is of considerable concern
because these are used in various industrial processes
such as electroplating, leather tanning, textile, paints
and pigments, paper, wood preservation and car
manufacturing extra (Lin et al., 2009; Garg et al., 2013;
Gunasundari et al., 2013). Chromium occurs in
aqueous systems in two oxidation states trivalent [Cr
3+
and CrOH
2+
] and hexavalent [HCrO4
-
and Cr2O7
2-
] out
of which hexavalent chromium is most toxic,
carcinogenic and mutagenic to the living organism
(Thinh et al., 2013; Talreja et al., 2014; Kumar et al.
2009). Trivalent, Cr(III) can be oxidized to hexavalent,
Cr(VI) which is more mobile and toxic than Cr(III).
Cr(VI) entered into the human body causes
respiratory tract and lung carcinoma, epigastric pain,
vomiting, nausea, corrosion of the skin and severe
diarrhoea. Among the various harmful and toxic
organic compounds like dyes, pesticides and fluorine,
phenol is most toxic to the environment. Phenol is
toxic aromatic organic compound and weak
biodegradable pollutant. Exposure of phenol causes
gastrointestinal disorder, lung damage, liver damage,
kidney damage, heart attack and finally can lead to
death (Gupta and Balomajumder 2015a; Gupta and
Balomajumder 2015b; Gupta and Balomajumder
2015c). The US Environmental protection agency (US