Pergamon
PII: S0040-4020(97)00100-2
Tetrahedron, Vol. 53, No. 10, pp. 3795-3804, 1997
© 1997 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd
All rights reserved. Printed in Great Britain
0040-4020/97 $17.00 + 0.00
Regioselective Electrophilic Alkylation of Anilines
with Phenylacetylene in the Presence of Montmorillonite KSF.
Attilio Arienti, Franca Bigi, Raimondo Maggi, Elena Marzi,
Pietro Moggi, Massimo Rastelli, Giovanni Sartori* and Fabio Tarantola.
Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e lndustriale dell'Universit&
Viale delle Scienze, 1-43100 Parma, Italy.
Abstract: Substituted anilines react with phenylacetylene in the presence of montmorilionite KSF
affording I.l-diarylethylenes 3 in good yields and excellentselectivities. In the presenceof an excess of
phenylacetylene, para-toluidine and para-anisidine give the corresponding 2,6-bis(l-phenyl-
vinyl)anilines. © 1997 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Introduction
The electrophilic C-alkylation of aromatic amines with reagents containing carbon-carbon multiple bonds
represents an important and a not easily accessible process. Indeed, the normal activating effect of the amino
group is often reversed by complex formation with the acid catalyst. Thus, these compounds cannot generally
be C-alkylated under normal Friedel-Crafts conditions~ and some special methodologies were needed to
perform the reaction. For example, Kolka early reported the direct ortho-alkylation of aromatic amines with
alkenes in the presence of aluminium anilides.2 Some few other catalysts were also described as effective
promoters of the reaction. These include activated clays, silica-alumina, zeolites and COC12 or CdCI2 salts of
anilines.3
Moreover, ortho-allylarylarffmes were synthesised via amino-Claisen rearrangement of aromatic
N-allylamines. 4
To the best of our knowledge, no C-alkylation of aromatic amines with alkynes has been described. The
literature reports only few examples of the synthesis of enamines by N-alkylation of anilines with
phenylacetylene.5
In conjunction with our research program concerning the use of solid acids in fine chemicals preparation, 6
we were intrigued with the possibility of obtaining direct C-alkylation of aromatic amines with alkynes over
commercially available heterogeneous catalysts.
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