Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Molecular Recognition in Chemistry 10: 57-61, 1991. 57
© 1991 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands.
Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Transition and Alkali
Cations by a New Calixarene: Diphenylphosphino
Calix[4]arene Methyl Ether
Metal
FUMIO HAMADA*, TAKENORI FUKUGAKI, and KOICHI MURAl,
Department of Fuel Chemistry, Mining College, Akita University, Gakuen-cho, Tegata, Akita 010, Japan
and
G. WILLIAM ORR and JERRY L. ATWOOD,*
Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, U.S.A.
(Received: 3 January 1990; in final form: 5 March 1990)
Abstract. The liquid-liquid extraction of various metal ions by a diphenylphosphino calix[4]arene (1)
using picrate counter ion has been studied and compared with those of p-tert-butyl-calix[4]arene methyl
ether (2) and triphenylphosphine (3). The calixarene 1 shows strong binding ability to almost all metal
cations examined, but calixarene 2 shows little ability to extract any of them. Based on the continuous
variation method, calixarene 1 formed 1 : 2 complexes with copper(II) ion.
Key words. Calix[4]arene, solvent extraction, alkali metal ion, transition metal ion.
I. Introduction
The class of flexible macrocyclic hosts known as calixarenes has recently received
increasing attention [1, 2]. Calixarenes are composed of benzene moieties whose
functionalization of the upper rim of the calix, R (Figure 1), can be expected to
improve or alter their inclusion properties [3-7]. One of the more interesting
aspects of our work has been the preparation of new calixarenes with a view to
complexing transition metals, an area which has been slow to develop [8-11].
Here we report the synthesis and ion binding properties of a new calixarene
having the diphenylphosphino moiety at the upper rim of the calix.
R
OR
Fig. 1. Schematic structure of a calix[n]arenes.
* Authors for correspondence