ACADEMIA Letters
Teaching Philosophy as a Mechanism for a More Inclusive
Teaching and Learning Process
Karla Loya
Increasingly, faculty hiring committees require teaching philosophy statements as part of a
job application. Yet, doctoral training seldom provides opportunities for future instructors
to develop their instructional stances, let alone statements. A teaching philosophy is meant
to guide instructional decisions, but without requirements for faculty to use or update their
teaching philosophies, it is unknown how often they are applied.
A teaching philosophy “reflects an individual’s beliefs and values about teaching and
learning, often including concrete examples of the ways in which that individual enacts those
beliefs” (Bowne, 2017, p. 59). Carefully developed, it can be a mechanism for instruc-
tors to create more inclusive classrooms (Loya, 2020). Teaching philosophies are similar to
paradigms. Like a teaching philosophy, a paradigm is a “basic set of beliefs that guide action”
(Denzin & Lincoln, 2005, p. 183). Paradigms are used to position one’s stance as an edu-
cational researcher, for example. Some paradigms commonly used in education (sometimes
in combination) include positivism, critical theory, interpretivism, postmodernism and femi-
nism. A paradigm includes four elements: ontology, epistemology, axiology, and methodol-
ogy. I propose these terms as useful components to include when reflecting on our teaching
philosophy, not merely as a written statement, but as a set of beliefs that guide our instruction
as we foster a more inclusive process of teaching and learning.
Ontology
Ontology “raises questions about the nature of reality and the nature of the human being in
the world” (Denzin & Lincoln, 2005, p. 183). Ontology represents what is around us and how
Academia Letters, March 2021
Corresponding Author: Karla Loya, karlaloya1@gmail.com
Citation: Loya, K. (2021). Teaching Philosophy as a Mechanism for a More Inclusive Teaching and Learning
Process. Academia Letters, Article 409. https://doi.org/10.20935/AL409.
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©2021 by the author — Open Access — Distributed under CC BY 4.0