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A Review on Auxetic Textile Structures, Their
Mechanism and Properties
Andrews Boakye, Yuping Chang, Rafiu King Raji and Pibo Ma*
Jiangnan University, China
Introduction
Figure 1: Effect when force is applied to both conventional and
auxetic materials.
Almost all materials possess a positive Poisson’s ratio, in the
sense that they shrink when stretched and expand when compress.
These are basically referred to as conventional materials and their
Poisson’s ratio (v) value ranges from 0.0 to 0.5 [1]. Unlike the
conventional, auxetic materials exhibit a negative Poisson’s ratio
(NPR), which laterally expand when stretched and laterally contract
when compressed [2]. Knowledge about auxetics can be trace as far
back in the 1800s where Voigt et.al had already discovered the NPR
in some materials but didn’t draw much attention to it [3]. Later in
1987 a man by name Lakes reported an auxetic foam structure that
could be produced easily by tri-compression and heating which were
considered to be a man-made process [4]. Developments on auxetic
materials thereafter have never ceased. Scientist and researchers
have comprehensively, dived into knowing every bit about auxetics,
right from its structure and deformational behavior as compared
to conventional materials, to how it could be artificially produced
and its application thereafter. Figure 1 shows the effect that occurs
when a force is applied to both conventional and auxetic material.
Poisson’s ratio basically describes the relative change in
the natural dimension of an object when a load is applied in a
longitudinal direction or other way [5]. Mathematically, it could be
expressed as;
Poisson’s ratio ()
y
x
v
ε
ε
=−
Where
y
ε
and
x
ε
are transverse strain and axial strain
respectively.
Auxetic mechanical metamaterials according to [6] are
engineered systems that exhibit the unusual macroscopic property
of a negative Poisson’s ratio due to sub-unit structure rather than
chemical composition. The auxetic of a material is dependent on its
geometrical structure and the material’s system and deformation
*Corresponding author: Pibo Ma, Engineering Research Center for Knitting
Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textile and Clothing, Jiangnan
University, China.
Received Date: November 27, 2018
Published Date: January 30, 2019
ISSN: 2641-192X DOI: 10.33552/JTSFT.2019.02.000526
Journal of
Textile Science & Fashion Technology
Review Article Copyright © All rights are reserved by Pibo Ma
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License JTSFT.MS.ID.000526.
Abstract
Materials that possess a negative Poisson’s ration are classified to be auxetic textile materials. As compared to conventional
materials, they exhibit a counter-intuitive quality which enables them to expand longitudinally when stretched and contract laterally
when compressed. This counter- intuitive effect occurs as a result of the structural deformation of these auxetic textile materials
when they are subjected to tension. This paper considers the current structures of auxetic textile materials, more importantly their
deformational mechanism, properties and some general applications.
Keywords: Auxetic textile materials, Counter-intuitive, Negative poisson’s ratio (NPR)