Applied Mathematics, 2014, 5, 1213-1221
Published Online May 2014 in SciRes. http://www.scirp.org/journal/am
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/am.2014.58106
How to cite this paper: da Silva Peixoto, M., et al. (2014) A Model of Cellular Automata for the Fuzzy Control of Aphids. Ap-
plied Mathematics, 5, 1213-1221. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/am.2014.58106
A Model of Cellular Automata for
the Fuzzy Control of
Aphids
Magda da Silva Peixoto
1
, Laécio Carvalho de Barros
2
, Rodney Carlos Bassanezi
2
1
Departamento de Física, Química e Matemática, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sorocaba, Brazil
2
Departamento de Matemática Aplicada, IMECC, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
Email: magda@ufscar.br , laeciocb@ime.unicamp.br , rodney@ime.unicamp.br
Received 22 January 2014; revised 22 February 2014; accepted 1 March 2014
Copyright © 2014 by authors and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Abstract
Pesticides are substances used to prevent, destroy or mitigate any pest. We have adopted in this
paper the Cellular Automata model to study the dispersion of the aphids in the block of citric trees
using the pesticides (chemical control) and the biological agent (biological control). The main
purpose of this research is the development of a simple and specific methodology to study Citrus
Sudden Death (CSD). CSD is a disease that has affected sweet orange trees grafted on Rangpur lime
in the state of São Paulo-Brazil. Some studies suggest that this disease has been caused by a virus
and it is transmitted by insects known as aphids (vector). The ladybug was selected among the
most known enemies of aphids in citrus in Brazil. In order to elaborate a predator-prey type of
model to study the interaction between aphids (preys) and ladybugs (predators) in citriculture we
have used a fuzzy rule-based system (FRBS). The states of the variables of the system (inputs) are
the density of preys and the density of predators and their variations are the outputs. Therefore
we take into account the effect of the wind in the space covered by the aphid, since the wind is im-
portant for the flight of the aphid as described in Peixoto et al. (2008) [1]. After, we used a FRBS to
establish the relationship between the quantity of pesticides and the density of the preys. The si-
mulations have been performed and have been compared between blocks with the presence of
both aphids and ladybugs without the use of pesticides and the presence of them with the use of
these ones using the Cellular Automata model. Numerical simulations allow us to foresee the be-
havior of the system, hence creating a spectrum of possibilities and proposing control techniques
for different initial scenarios.
Keywords
Fuzzy Sets, Fuzzy Rule Base, Cellular Automata, Simulations, Pesticides