JJBS
Volume 1, Number 4 December. 2008
ISSN 1995-6673
Pages 153 - 158
Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences
Variations of Heavy Metals Concentration in Suspended Matter
and Physiochemical Properties in the Coastal Surface Water of the
Gulf of Aqaba.
Tariq Al-Najjar
a,*
, Jamal Bani Fawaz
b
, Riyad Manasrah
a
, Mohamad Al-Zibdah,
Ahmad Abu-Hilal
b
a
Corresponding Author: Marine Science Station, Aqaba-Jordan, PO. Box 195,
b
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Yarmouk University, Jordan
اﻟﻤﻠﺨﺺAbstract
Variations of heavy metals concentrations (Pb, Zn, Ni and
Cd) in suspended matter as well as the physical properties
(temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH) at five
coastal sites and one reference station (offshore) were
measured on seasonal base of the year 2005. Seasonal
variations of seawater temperature, salinity, pH and
dissolved oxygen were significant different, meanwhile;
spatial variations among different stations were not
significant. Temporal variations of heavy metal
concentrations were significantly different (P< 0.001); the
highest concentrations were detected in spring 0.003 and
0.137 ppm for Pb and Zn respectively. Very low
concentrations of Cd (not exceed 0.001 ppm) were
detected in autumn and winter. Very low concentrations
of Pb, Zn and Cd metals were detected in all sampling
stations except Ni the concentrations were ranged between
0.12 and 0.108 ppm; however, variations among different
sampling sites were not significant (p= 0.84)
اﻟﻨﺰرة اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺗﺮاآﻴﺰ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ دراﺳﺔ ﺗﻢ ﻟﻘﺪ) Pb, Zn, Ni, Cd (
ﻟﻠﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺋﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎ اﻟﺨﺼﺎﺋﺺ آﺬاﻟﻚ و اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻘﺔ اﻟﻤﻮاد ﻓﻲ) درﺟﺔ
اﻟﺤﺮارة، اﻟﻤﻠﻮﺣﺔ، اﻟﻤﻠﻮﺣﺔ درﺟﺔ و اﻟﺬاﺋﺐ اﻻآﺴﺠﻴﻦ( ﺧﻤﺲ ﻓﻲ
ﻣﺮﺟﻌﻴﺔ واﺣﺪة ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ و ﺳﺎﺣﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ) اﻟﻤﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ( اﺳﺎس ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻟﻠﻌﺎم ﻓﺼﻴﻠﻲ2005 , ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔﻓﻲ ﺗﻐﻴﺮات اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﺿﻬﺮت ﻟﻘﺪ
اﻟﺤﺮارة درﺟﺔ، اﻟﻤﻠﻮﺣﺔ، ﻟﻠﻔﺼﻮل اﻟﻤﺬاب اﻻآﺴﺠﻴﻦ و اﻟﺤﻤﻮﺿﺔ
اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ اﻻﻣﺎآﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺟﻮهﺮﻳﺔ ﺗﻐﻴﺮات اي ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﻟﻢ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ.
ﺟﻮهﺮﻳﺎ آﺎن اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻟﺘﺮاآﻴﺰ اﻟﺰﻣﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ) P< 0.001 (
ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ ﻟﺘﺮاآﻴﺰ اﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺟﻮهﺮﻳﺎ ﻳﻜﻦ ﻟﻢ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ)
.(P= 0.84 اﻟﺮﺑﻴﻊ ﻓﺼﻞ ﺧﻼل رﺻﺪﻩ ﺗﻢ ﺗﺮآﻴﺰ اﻋﻠﻰ0.137 ﺟﺰوء
ﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮن ﻓﻲZn و0.003 ﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮن ﻓﻲ ﺟﺰوء,Pb اﻗﻞ
ﺗﺮآﻴﺰ ﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ واﻟﺸﺘﺎء ﻟﺨﺮﻳﻒ ا ﻓﺼﻼ ﺧﻼل رﺻﺪﻩ ﺗﻢ0.001 ) Cd
اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮن ﻓﻲ ﺟﺰوء( . ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ ﺗﺮاآﻴﺰ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ اﻇﻬﺮت ﻟﻘﺪ ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ(Cd,
Zn, Pb) ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻋﺪا ﻣﺎ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﻓﻲNi رﺻﺪ ﺗﻢ ﻓﻘﺪ
ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮاوﺣﺖ ﺗﺮاآﻴﺰ0.108- 0.12 اﻟﻤﻠﻴﻮن ﻓﻲ ﺟﺰوء.
*
© 2008 Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences. All rights reserved
Keywords: Physiochemical Properties; Heavy Metals, Suspended Matter; Gulf of Aqaba; Red Sea
*
Corresponding author. t.najjar@ju.edu.jo
1. Introduction
Considerable evidence in the scientific literature that
contaminants such as trace metals can be taken up and
concentrated by sediments and suspended matter in the
Aquatic systems (Forstner and Wittman, 1979; Hart,
1982). Transportation of theses contaminants in
association with particulate matter represents a major
pathway in the biogeochemical cycling of trace
contaminants (Hart, 1982).
The vertical and horizontal distributions of many trace
elements in the ocean are determined by association with
the cycle of growth, sinking and demineralization of
marine phytoplankton. Phytoplankton in the oligotrophic
northern Red Sea and Gulf of Aqaba is characterized by a
low biomass (<0.8 mg chlorophyll 1
-1
of seawater), in
which the water ware dominated by prochlorophytes
during early summer and fall, meanwhile, during winter
Eukaryotic algae were dominate (Sommer et al., 2002; Al-
Najjar, 2000). Phytoplankton, which serves as food for
herbivorous fishes and higher organisms, is found to
absorb significant amounts of dissolved organic matter
from seawater. Hence, phytoplankton is found to be highly
susceptible to various contaminants, such as, hydrocarbon,
crude oil, metals and industrial effluents (Cushing and
Walsh, 1976). Several Authors (Martin et al., 1990; Grotti
et al., 2001)