International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research (IJAMR) ISSN: 2643-9670 Vol. 5 Issue 2, February - 2021, Pages: 57-67 www.ijeais.org/ijamr 57 Analysis of Ethiopian National Disaster Risk Management Policy by Process Model Petros Wako and Neng Shen Huazhong University of Science and Technology College Public Administration/Department of Administrative management Abstract: In any government, public policy formulation is very crucial issues to serve the peoples. Policy formulation passes through different processes. This paper seeks to identify the process that Ethiopian disaster risk management policy goes through. The paper analysis evaluates the policy by the process model. The finding indicates that the DRM policy adheres to both processes of both bottom-up and top-down approach in policy formulation. The process model phases are such as problem identification, agenda-setting, policy formulation, policy legitimisation and implementation, and policy evaluation. This paper argues that any public policy adhering to every step enables of policy to meets its intended objectives. The ways that policy follows determine the achievements of the projected idea. Keywords: Process Model, Policy, Disaster, Risk, Management, Ethiopia 1. Introduction Ethiopia is one of the world‘s fastest -growing countries. The Ethiopian economy is among the strongest in the Nile region, with the more significant part of growth being from agricultural production. Coffee is an integral export crop in the region; however, seasonal droughts and substandard cultivation methods threaten economic growth from agriculture. More recently, the government has pressed growth in the manufacturing, textiles and energy sectors to reinforce the economy in addition to agriculture. Ethiopia is highly vulnerable to a wide range of disasters. Out of many disasters, drought, flood, human and livestock epidemics, crop pests, as well as conflict, are main. From other disasters, drought remains the country‘s leading hazard; while the floo d is second next. Throughout its history, Ethiopia has experienced frequent disasters that include but not limited to droughts, floods, human and livestock diseases, crop pests, as well as seismic and volcanic activities. Even though Ethiopia has a history of recurrent droughts that spans back to the 1970s, its magnitude, frequency, and impacts in affected areas have resulted in the severe expansion of desertification. This phenomenon is explained by increased climate variability, deforestation, land degradation, settlement patterns and rapid annual population growth rate (DRMESMF, 2011). According to the scholar, any government has a preference for what to do or not do. Any democratic government cannot afford to turn a blind eye on the plight of the society it represents (Dye, 1978:6). How the government communicates with the citizens is through policy. So analysing how policy initiated, formulated, legitimised and evaluated help us more. This understanding enables the knowhow of policy process and implementation evaluation. Process model mainly focuses on every step that policy development pass through.this paper wants to analyse the national disaster risk management policy of Ethiopia. As mentioned in Anderson, J. E. (2003) the policy-process (sometimes it is called the policy cycle) approach to policy study has several advantages. First, and most significant, the policy-process approach centres attention on the officials and institutions that make policy decisions and also the factors that influence and condition their actions. We want to struggle about over the complexity of public problems, the goals of the polity, the final forms policy responses can take, and similar matters. Knowledge of those is clearly of value, but we also want to grasp who makes policy decisions and the way they are doing it. Accordingly, answers are considered necessary for such questions as what is the legislature‘s role in policymaking? How does its configuration affect decision-making? What kinds of factors or deliberations influence the legislator‘s decisions? The policy-process approach not only helps us come across policymaking and policy, but it also causes us to require a more holistic view of how government functions. Process models try and generalise about the sequence of steps or actions that occur as policy issues are raised, debated and resolved. They focus more on what happens, when and the way than on which the participants are and why particular outcomes occur. A typical example includes the stages of problem identification, proposal formulation; program legitimating, program budgeting, program implementation, program evaluation and problem resolution/program termination (Jones). Process models are widely employed in policy education. The answer of pressing questions like, ―Where will we start?‖ and ―What happens next?‖ (Hahn, Alan J. (2016).