American Medical Journal 2 (1): 1-6, 2011 ISSN 1949-0070 © 2011 Science Publications 1 Estimation of Pathogenic Microorganisms during Atmospheric Tempestat North Africa U. Ali Rahoma Department of Medical Radiology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Omer El-Mukhtar University, Tobruk, Libya Abstract: Problem statement: Dust continued to blow across northern Africa and the Mediterranean Sea on March 3, 2005. Many sources are associated with areas where human impacts are well documented. Approach: Nonetheless, the largest and most active sources are located in truly remote areas where there is little or no human activity. Dust activity is extremely sensitive to many environmental parameters. Results: The persistent sources are located in the Northern Hemisphere, mainly in a broad “dust belt” that extends from the Meddle coast of North Africa over the Middle East. In this study we identify local environments enables us to identify those characteristics that are important for dust generation. However, if dust has an impact on climate, then the role of humans in the destabilization of soil surfaces takes on an added dimension. Conclusion/Recommendations: Threshold effects may be at work. Human health may also be adversely affected, primarily by inhalation of known or suspected components in dust events, including nonpathogenic and pathogenic viable microorganisms; chemical contaminants such as carcinogens, toxins, endocrine disruptors and toxic metals and small particles that may trigger other physiological reactions (e.g., asthma, cardiovascular events). Key words: Chemical contaminants, human health, dust activity, toxic metals, aureobasidium, moderate resolution, spectroradio meter, pseudomonas, Absorbing Aerosol Index (AAI) INTRODUCTION Every human breath taken is laden with particulate matter and human evolution produced the most obvious and familiar front line of defense, nose hair. Less obvious are the mucus glands that line our airways. These glands function to trap and aid in the expulsion of particulates via secretion, ciliated transport and ingestion or cough. Of particular concern are particles of <10 m in size that can penetrate into the lungs and those of <2.5 m that may penetrate into deep lung tissue and the subepithelial environment. These very small particles cause adverse health effects via oxidative stress. The deposition rate of ultrafine particles (<100 nm) in the lungs has been shown to increase as particle size decreases and to increase with exercise versus resting Wurzler et al., 2000. Health studies conducted in urban and suburban environments have demonstrated mortality risk with exposure to particulate matter and have attributed this risk to anthropogenic particulates generated through automotive and industrial combustion versus those of crustal origin (Dickerson et al., 1997). Several studies conducted to investigate the role of dust storms that consist of concentrated crustal particulates have shown an associated allergic, asthma and silicosis/pulmonary fibrosis risk. Areas impacted by desert dust storms, such as communities in the Middle East and the Caribbean, are known to have some of the highest incidences of asthma on the planet (Karami et al., 2009). Important role in climate forcing by altering the radiation balance in the atmosphere through the scattering and absorption of radiation (Tegen et al., 1997; Haywood and Boucher, 2000; Harrison et al., 2001). Mineral dust could also affect climate indirectly by affecting cloud nucleation and optical properties (Levin et al., 1996; Wurzler et al., 2000). In addition, dust can serve as a reaction surface for reactive gas species in the atmosphere (Dentener et al., 1996) and for moderating photochemical processes. Mineral dust is believed to play an important role in many marine biogeochemical processes. Similarly, many studies have characterized dust generation on a micro- meteorological scale (Gillette, 1999, Jamal et al., 2005). Although these patterns may change seasonally, sometimes disappearing during some seasons, they appear year after year. MATERIALS AND METHODS Air samples for isolation of microbes: Presterilized filter housings containing 47 mm diameter, 0.2 m