International Journal of Research in Social Sciences
Vol. 11 Issue 04, April 2021
ISSN: 2249-2496 Impact Factor: 7.081
Journal Homepage: http://www.ijmra.us , Email: editorijmie@gmail.com
Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed &
Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A., Open J-Gate as well as in Cabell‟s Directories of Publishing Opportunities, U.S.A
75
International Journal of Research in Social Sciences
http://www.ijmra.us , Email: editorijmie@gmail.com
SRI LANKAN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN'S ERRORS IN
MULTIPLICATION
Thevarasa Mukunthan
tmuku@ou.ac.lk
Dept. Early Childhood and Primary Education,
Faculty of Education,
The Open University of Sri Lanka
Abstract
Children‟s achievements in mathematics is not at satisfactory level in elementary and
secondary schools in Sri Lanka. Children‟s mathematical errors, is one of the main reason
for this low achievements. The main objective of this study is to identify the error-patterns
made in multiplication by the elementary school children. Apaper-pencil test was
administered to 980 children from 24 schools in Colombo District, studying in Grades 4
and 5. Each paper consisted of 50 questions. The answer scripts were marked and the
responses were analyzed. 300 children were selected randomly from the 980 children and
interviewed, for an in-depth study in order to identify theerror-patterns. The errors
identified were classified as Careless Errors, Random Errors and Systematic Errors. Most
of the errors identified were Systematic Errors. The study categorized the Systematic
Errors (56.21%), further, as errors in detail: Recalling Error(9.11%),Operation Sign related
Error(17.66%), Zero related Error(11.76%),Direction of Operation Error(12.46%),Answer
in Reverse Order (5.36), Errors related to Carrying Digit related Errors (28.03) and Place
Value related Error (15.4%). This study suggests that, teachers have to enhancetheir
teaching methodologies when they teach mathematics. They have to use the relevant
teaching-learning materials to explain the basic concepts of multiplications.
Key Words: Careless error, random error, systematic error, multiplication errors, Place
value related errors