978-1-5386-8317-0/19/$31.00 ©2019 IEEE Analysis of Identity Management Systems Using Blockchain Technology Samia El Haddouti Information Security Research Team, CEDOC ST2I ENSIAS Mohamed V University Rabat, Morocco samia_elhaddouti@um5.ac.ma M. Dafir Ech-Cherif El Kettani Information Security Research Team, CEDOC ST2I ENSIAS Mohamed V University Rabat, Morocco dafir.elkettani@um5.ac.ma Abstract—The emergence of Blockchain technology as the biggest innovations of the 21 st century, has given rise to new concepts of Identity Management to deal with the privacy and security challenges on the one hand, and to enhance the decentralization and user control in transactions on Blockchain infrastructures on the other hand. This paper investigates and gives analysis of the most popular Identity Management Systems using Blockchain: uPort, Sovrin, and ShoCard. It then evaluates them under a set of features of digital identity that characterizes the successful of an Identity Management solution. The result of the comparative analysis is presented in a concise way to allow readers to find out easily which systems satisfy what requirements in order to select the appropriate one to fit into a specific scenario. Keywords— Blockchain, Digital Identity, Identity Management, Self-Sovereign Identity. I. INTRODUCTION In an increasingly digital ecosystem with a variety of online services, entities need to possess digital identities for their identification by allowing them to interact with each other on the online world, while protecting their identity information. In the early 1990s, the authentication method based on username and password was commonly used by individuals during an access process, with a management of dozens of identities as a result of the registration into several Service Providers. However, the process for identifying, authenticating and authorizing individuals to access easily different resources and services requires mechanisms to control information about individuals. Adding to the complexity of the modern Identity and Access Management challenge, the demand for secure access poses a serious challenge for Information and Technology staff that has simultaneously to meet the access need of users and to ensure the security of their data. To overcome these demands access with a certain level of security and data protection, Identity and Access Management solutions have been introduced by which identity lifecycle is managed while allowing users to access to appropriate resources, at the right time and in the right context while saving cost and time [1]. Despite the solutions given by current Identity Management technologies to improve the management of user authentication and resources access, they still suffer from several limitations and they are not optimal to ensure data protection against abuse, fraud and criminality. Surveys conducted by the European Commission shows that people have the feeling they do not have any control over their personal data [2]. Closely related to data protection, centralized identity services that exist today fail to operate transparently and protect the rights of users. Several of these risks can possibly be avoided by using Blockchain technology [3]. A literary study made clear that this technology can add significant value in managing identities by returning the ownership of identity to the individual as an owner of this identity. Furthermore, the combination of Identity Management with Blockchain technology enables decentralized identity storage, avoids a central authentication authority and prevents tampering with the identities and the stored data. In view of all that, several initiatives put its research efforts into building consistent and robust approaches of Identity Management based on Blockchain technology with a variety of use-cases. In this paper, we investigate, evaluate and compare three main Identity Management systems based on Blockchain. The structure of this paper is as follows: after this introduction, we discuss the related works in Section II .Section III defines the digital identity with its related concepts. Section IV presents the evolution of digital identity models. In Section V, we give an overview of Blockchain technology. Section VI introduces current approaches related to Identity Management systems using Blockchain. It begins with an overview and a description of each system, followed by analysis and evaluations whether systems fulfill predefined requirements related to the digital identity. Section VII serves as conclusions. II. RELATED WORK Improving Identity Management using Blockchain technology has been an active research field for the last years. Many Identity Management solutions that are based on Blockchain currently are available. There are existing different studies of these solutions. In [4], authors present briefly a typology of Blockchain applications including some Identity Management solutions like Civic, Blockchain Helix and Bitnation. This work is limited in the sense that they have not dealt with technical details of each solution. A couple of examples for other attempts with the same objective can be found in [5] and [6] in which a set of Blockchain-based Identity Management systems have been analyzed. However, the current work provides improvements of over other studies. It provides and explains comprehensive