original research article
ORAL & Implantology - Anno XI - N. 3/2018 145
emotional changes.
Warm light promotes the production of mela-
tonin. Cool light promotes the production of cor-
tisol (1).
Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal
gland. One of the many things it works-on, is to
help our bodies synchronize with the daylight
and darkness to promote a healthy sleep rhythm.
Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced in the ad-
renal cortex. It activates anti-stress and anti-in-
flammatory responses. It also helps with balanc-
ing our immune functions (2).
Jacobs and Suess (3) reported that university
students’ anxiety scores were significantly high-
er in red and yellow light than green and blue
light. In other studies (4), the galvanic skin re-
sponse of college students was higher in red
light than in blue light. They concluded that the
LED LIGHT , MUSIC BINAURAL,
AROMATHERAPY AND STRESS
P.M. MANDRILLO
1
, G. FISCHETTO
2
, V. CANDOTTO
3
, A. PALMIERI
4
,
A. AVANTAGGIATO
5
, D. LAURITANO
6
, F. CARINCI
5
1
Private practice, Taranto, Italy
2
Private practice, Teramo, Italy
3
Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences University of Milan, Milan, Italy
4
Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
5
Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
6
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Centre of Neuroscience of Milan, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
SUMMARY
When exposed to stress, the human body suppresses the parasympathetic nervous system and simultaneously activates
the sympathetic nervous system, in order to resist to this condition and acquire energy.
Materials and methods. FM5 Sensory® is an innovative technological device that integrates simultaneously: 1)
photonic beams emitted by an LED system, 2) acoustic WiFi for listening to musical binaural frequencies and 3)
inhaled aro-matherapy with interchangeable disposable diffuser. Aim was to evaluate the cortisol levels in urine collected
for 24 hours before and after treatment for 30 minutes in six patients.
Results. There was a small not statistical significant drop of urinary cortisol after treatment.
Discussion and conclusion. Literature reports show that lighting is able to affect the mood of elderly people. Here a trend
is reported although no statistical difference was detected. Additional studies with wide samples are mandatory to verify
the real effect of LED therapy on cortisol.
Key words: light, stress, cortisol, urine, dose.
Introduzione
When exposed to stress, the human body sup-
presses the parasympathetic nervous system and
simultaneously activates the sympathetic nerv-
ous system, in order to resist to this condition
and acquire energy. This causes various physio-
logical changes: increased heart rate (HR) with
high levels of blood pressure (BP), sweating,
muscle stiffness, reduced gastro-intestinal activ-
ity, and depression of immune response. Al-
though therapy of colours is not well-described
and frequently considered pseudoscience, a
number of studies has tried to explain the effects
of colours on the human body. Some of them
have focused on physiological and others on
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