Dental movement acceleration: Literature review by an
alternative scientifc evidence method
Angela Domínguez Camacho, Sergio Andres Velásquez Cujar
Angela Domínguez Camacho, Department of Orthodontics,
Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad del Valle, Cali 76001000, Co-
lombia
Sergio Andres Velásquez Cujar, Department of Orthodontics
Institución Universitaria Colegios de Colombia (UNICOC), Cali
76001000, Colombia
Author contributions: Domínguez A designed the study and
wrote the manuscript; Velásquez SA contributed to data collec-
tion and edited the manuscript.
Correspondence to: Angela Domínguez Camacho, DDS,
Orthodontist, Professor, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Del
Valle,Calle 4a.B # 36-00, Cali 76001000,
Colombia. angela.Dominguezc@gmail.com
Telephone: +57-2-3212100 Fax: +57-2-3169450
Received: January 24, 2014 Revised: July 11, 2014
Accepted: July 17, 2014
Published online: September 26, 2014
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the majority
of publications using effective methods to speed up
orthodontic treatment and determine which publica-
tions carry high evidence-based value. The literature
published in Pubmed from 1984 to 2013 was reviewed,
in addition to well-known reports that were not classi-
fied under this database. To facilitate evidence-based
decision making, guidelines such as the Consolida-
tion Standards of Reporting Trials, Preferred Report-
ing items for systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses,
and Transparent Reporting of Evaluations with Non-
randomized Designs check list were used. The studies
were initially divided into three groups: local application
of cell mediators, physical stimuli, and techniques that
took advantage of the regional acceleration phenom-
ena. The articles were classifed according to their level
of evidence using an alternative method for orthodontic
scientific article classification. 1a: Systematic Reviews
(SR) of randomized clinical trials (RCTs), 1b: Individual
RCT, 2a: SR of cohort studies, 2b: Individual cohort
study, controlled clinical trials and low quality RCT, 3a:
SR of case-control studies, 3b: Individual case-control
study, low quality cohort study and short time following
split mouth designs. 4: Case-series, low quality case-
control study and non-systematic review, and 5: Expert
opinion. The highest level of evidence for each group
was: (1) local application of cell mediators: the highest
level of evidence corresponds to a 3B level in Prosta-
glandins and Vitamin D; (2) physical stimuli: vibratory
forces and low level laser irradiation have evidence
level 2b, Electrical current is classifed as 3b evidence-
based level, Pulsed Electromagnetic Field is placed on
the 4
th
level on the evidence scale; and (3) regional
acceleration phenomena related techniques: for corti-
cotomy the majority of the reports belong to level 4.
Piezocision, dentoalveolar distraction, alveocentesis,
monocortical tooth dislocation and ligament distraction
technique, only had case series or single report cases
(4
th
level of evidence). Surgery first and periodontal
distraction have 1 study at level 2b and corticision one
report at level 5. Multiple orthodontic acceleration re-
ports on humans were identifed by an alternative evi-
dence level scale, which is a simple and accurate way
of determining which techniques are better and have
a higher rate of effectiveness. The highest level of evi-
dence for a specifc procedure to accelerate orthodontic
dental movement up to October 2013 was surgery frst
followed by low level laser application, corticotomy and
periodontal distraction located on level 2, recommen-
dation grade b from this proposed scientifc evidence-
based scale.
© 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Key words: Orthodontic movement; Evidence-based
dentistry; Dental movement acceleration
Core tip: Orthodontic systematic reviews of randomized
clinical trials, meta analysis and meta analysis network
are diffcult to develop due to a lack of high quality ran-
domized clinical trials related to orthodontic therapies.
The correct classifcation of the scientifc literature fol-
REVIEW
151 September 26, 2014|Volume 4|Issue 3| WJM|www.wjgnet.com
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DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v4.i3.151
World J Methodol 2014 September 26; 4(3): 151-162
ISSN 2222-0682 (online)
© 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World Journal of
Methodology WJM