Benue Journal of Sociology. Vol. 8 No.1, February 2020 60 ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND FERTILITY TRANSITION IN NIGERIA Kwaghga, Aondoaseer Lawrence 1 & Dewua, Rhoda Ebi, PhD 1 1 Department of Sociology, Benue State University, Makurdi Abstract Assisted Reproductive Technologies are an assemblage of a number of techniques and procedures that allow a bypass of the obstacles to achieving pregnancy by the conventional methods (involving the use of drugs and/or surgery singly or in combination) to allow pregnancy and childbirth to occur where otherwise the chances of pregnancy and childbirth would have been zero. Millions of infertile couples and other categories of people have utilized Assisted Reproductive Technologies to achieve their fertility intentions since it effectiveness in 1978. This has resulted to over ten million live births globally. In Nigeria, ARTs have also expanded and extended the fertility circle giving room for more people to have children. At the same time, Total Fertility Rate has remained high in the country. Consequently, this article examines the influence of ARTs on fertility transition in Nigeria and the implications of delayed onset of fertility transition in the country using existing literature. The study revealed that the advent of ARTs have influenced significantly the rate of child birth in the country. ARTs have expanded and extended the time for the fertility circle for many people to achieve their fertility desires thus adding to the number of births recorded in the country. It has helped even the aged to have children. Again from 1989 to date, test tube babies that were given birth to have also entered their reproductive age thus exerting a multiplier effects on fertility transition in the country. It was revealed that the pressure to utilize ARTs by people usually arises from socio cultural, economic and environmental factors in society. As long as these factors remain unchanged, the push will continue. It recommended for social welfare schemes and cultural reorientation that will help to address those forces that place high premium on children, forcing people to attained child birth through ARTs. Key words: Assisted Reproductive Technologies, In vitro Fertilization, Artificial insemination, Fertility Transition, Nigeria