Research Article Digital Twins and Road Construction Using Secondary Raw Materials Sebastjan Meˇ za , 1 Alenka Mauko Pranji´ c , 1 Rok Vezoˇ cnik , 1 Igor Osmokrovi´ c , 2 and Stanislav Lenart 1 1 Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute (ZAG), Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia 2 BEXEL Consulting, Beograd 1000, Serbia Correspondence should be addressed to Sebastjan Meˇ za; sebastjan.meza@zag.si Received 19 August 2020; Revised 15 November 2020; Accepted 28 December 2020; Published 19 January 2021 Academic Editor: Salvatore Antonio Biancardo Copyright©2021SebastjanMeˇ zaetal.isisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Secondary raw materials (SRMs) tend to be a valuable replacement for finite virgin materials especially since construction works (i.e., building and civil engineering work such as road construction) require vast quantities of raw materials. Using SRM originating from recycling a broad range of inorganic waste materials (e.g., mining waste, different industrial wastes, construction, and demolition waste) has been recognized as a promising, generally more cost-efficient, and environmentally friendly alternative to the exploitation of natural resources. Despite the benefits of using SRM, several challenges need to be addressed before using SRM even more. One of them is the long-term durability and little-known response of construction works built using such alternative materials. In this paper, we present the activities to establish a fully functioning digital twin (DT) of a road constructed using SRM. e first part of the paper is devoted to the theoretical justification of efforts and ways of establishing the monitoring systems, followed by a DT case study where an integrated data environment synthesizing a Building Information Model and monitored data is presented. Although the paper builds upon a small scale, the case study is methodologically designed to allow parallels to be drawn with much larger construction projects. 1. Introduction Recently, information technology (IT) support has been gaining momentum, even in more conservative industries such as the construction sector [1,2]. Facing ever higher requests to build bigger, higher, faster and more efficiently and with less environmental impact, Architectural, Engi- neering and Construction (AEC) experts attempt to find different means to tackle the challenges that arise with automatization of construction works’ design, construction, use, and reconstruction or demolition [3]. Correspondingly, it is well-documented that the AEC industry is undergoing a significant shift away from using 2D and 3D CAD models toward a more enriched digital data structure in the form of a Building Information Model (BIM) [4–6]. is is a con- ceptual change, as the final product of design is becoming a semantically defined product. Following this methodology, it is possible to create a digital model of a facility in which both geometric information and nongeometric properties of all the elements are included. e need for managing in- formation in digital environments along the building life- cycle was first recognized by private investors, followed by the European Union Public Procurement Directive [7], encouraging the European Member States to require the use of BIM for publicly funded construction and building projects. Standardization bodies, such as buildingSMART, have made great efforts to mould the data structures into open- source file formats, such as Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) [8], since the standardization is crucial to achieving interoperability among highly specialized tools that engi- neers use for various analyses. Researchers go hand in hand with software providers to meet the common goal to create a sheer virtual representation and/or simulation of the physical assets of the built environment [5,8]. Henceforth, the long-standing tendency of IT research in AEC to come up with a complete virtual replica of construction projects in the design stage prior to the start of the construction works is Hindawi Journal of Advanced Transportation Volume 2021, Article ID 8833058, 12 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8833058