FOR THE RECORD Bryan W. Forward, 1 M.S.; Mark W. Eastman, 2 M.S.; Thomas B. Nyambo, 3 M.D.; and Ruth E. Ballard, 1 Ph.D. AMPFlSTR  R Identifiler TM STR Allele Frequencies in Tanzania, Africa POPULATION: Identifiler—Employees and students of Muhimibili University College of Health Sciences in Dar es Salaam representing 19 widely distributed administrative districts and 42 tribes within the country. KEYWORDS: forensic science, DNA identification testing, short tandem repeats, Identifiler, paternity testing, D3S1358, vWA, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, THO1, TPOX, CSF1PO, D2S1338, D19S433, Tanzania Allele frequencies of the fifteen AMPLFlSTR Ò Identifiler TM STR loci were determined for the population of Tanzania, East Africa. Two hundred and seventy-two saliva samples were gath- ered from unrelated healthy student or employee volunteers at Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences in Dar es Sal- aam, Tanzania during the summer of 2003. The tribal affiliation of each donor was recorded to ensure that representative sam- pling was achieved, and a total of 19 widely distributed adminis- trative regions of the country and 42 tribes were represented in the final genotypic data. DNA was extracted using the QIAamp spin column protocol for saliva (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) and quantitated using the Quantiblot Ò colorimetric system (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). Approximately 1 ng of DNA was amplified from each sample using the Identifiler TM system (Applied Biosystems) and subjected to capillary electrophoresis on a 310 Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems). Raw data was collected, sorted, and sized using ABI Gene Collection Ò and Genescan Ò software (Applied Biosystems), and alleles were assigned using ABI Genotyper Ò software (Applied Biosystems). Allele frequencies were calculated using GENEPOP Ó online software, v. 3.4 (1). Table 1 lists the frequencies of the alleles at each locus, indicates the total number of samples used to generate the table, and provides the database validation statistics. A Fisher Exact Test was used to test adherence to Hardy Wein- berg Equilibrium (HWE) at all loci (2,000 shufflings, GENEPOP Ó online software, v 3.4). Twelve of the 15 loci yielded p-values of >0.05, and thus failed to reject the hypothesis that the population is in HWE at these loci. The remaining three loci, D8S1178, D3S1358, and D2S1338, yielded p-values <0.05; however, a trun- cated product test for adherence of all loci yielded a p-value of 0.0654, thus validating the database for general use (2). The complete dataset is available upon request through electronic mail from the corresponding author at ballardr@csus.edu and on the corresponding author’s academic webpage at http://www.csus. edu/indiv/b/ballardr/index.htm. Acknowledgments This study was supported by the California State University, Sacramento Research and Creative Activities Program (03-147- BG-SF2AT6) and by a National Science Foundation CCLI Adaptation and Implementation award (0088863). Special thanks to Lauren Baughman and Lydia Carrona-Craig for their technical assistance in extracting DNA samples at MUCHS, and to Mary Hansen, Supervising Criminalist for the Sacramento County District Attorney’s Laboratory of Forensic Sciences, for her advice and assistance in this study. Additional thanks to Louisa Jospehine Mwanjesa for her help in identifying the tribal associations of MUCHS donors. Capillary gel electrophoresis was performed on a 310 Genetic Analyzer housed in the CIMERA facility at California State University, Sacramento. References 1. Chang T, Hendrie R, Abercrombie-Higgins J, Maddocks R, Morgan E. Genepop, Version 3.4, 2004. Free program distributed by authors over the internet from http://genepop.curtin.edu.au/. Accessed 22 Jan. 2006. 2. Zaykin D, Zhivotovsky L, Weir BS. Exact tests for association between alleles at arbitrary numbers of loci. Genetica 1995;96:169–78. Additional information and reprint requests: Ruth E. Ballard, Ph.D. Associate Professor of Biological Sciences California State University, Sacramento 6000 J. Street Sacramento, CA 95819-6077 E-mail: ballardr@csus.edu 1 Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Sacra- mento, CA. 2 Sacramento County Laboratory of Forensic Services, Sacramento, CA. 3 Department of Biochemistry, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. J Forensic Sci, January 2008, Vol. 53, No. 1 doi: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2007.00640.x Available online at: www.blackwell-synergy.com Ó 2008 American Academy of Forensic Sciences 245