NORSK STATSVITENSKAPELIG TIDSSKRIFT VOL 22 22–45
© UNIVERSITETSFORLAGET 2006 22
Kommunesammenslåingers
politiske økonomi: En analyse av
velgeratferd i rådgivende
folkeavstemninger
1
Åge Johnsen
aage.johnsen@oks.hio.no
Jan Erling Klausen
jan.e.klausen@nibr.no
The political economy of municipal amalgamations in Norway:
An analysis of voting behaviour in consultative referendums
In the current debate on municipal amalgamations, two perspectives have been predomi-
nant. The arguments of proponents of the economic perspective have focused on the
potential economic gains associated with a reduction in the number of municipalities.
Proponents of a traditional ‘local democracy’ perspective have generally opposed amal-
gamations, usually on the assumption that qualities such as democratic vitality and polit-
ical participation will be jeopardized. This article proposes a third perspective; namely,
the resource dependence perspective, in which the municipality is seen as a collection of
resources. Various actors inside the organisation or in its environment would seek to uti-
lise these resources to their own advantage. Accordingly, attitudes towards municipal
amalgamations would depend on the individual voter’s assessment of how a proposed
amalgamation would affect his/her interests. The article analyses 17 proposed amalgam-
ations encompassing 51 municipalities in the period 1990–2004, during which some or
all of the municipalities involved conducted consultative referendums. In addition, data
from a citizen’s survey in eight municipalities are analysed. The results indicate that the
resource dependence perspective better describes the attitudes to municipal amalgam-
ations than the two perspectives that have so far been predominant in the debate.
Keywords: local government • referendum • democracy • participation