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Event Management, Vol. 22, pp. 389–403 1525-9951/18 $60.00 + .00
Printed in the USA. All rights reserved. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3727/152599518X15252895715050
Copyright © 2018 Cognizant, LLC. E-ISSN 1943-4308
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389
Address correspondence to Kirsten Holmes, Professor, School of Marketing, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
E-mail: k.holmes@curtin.edu.au
experiences of mega-event volunteers for three
reasons. Firstly, generating a legacy, including a
volunteer legacy, was explicitly stated in both the
bid document and legacy plans (Department of
Culture, Media & Sport [DCMS], 2012). Indeed,
the London Games were the first Olympic Games
to take place under the revised Olympic Charter,
Introduction
This article investigates how the volunteer pro-
gram management model adopted at the London
2012 Olympic Games affected the volunteers’
experiences. The London 2012 Olympic Games
provided a unique case study for investigating the
IT’S A ONCE-IN-A-LIFETIME EXPERIENCE AND OPPORTUNITY—
DEAL WITH IT! VOLUNTEER PERCEPTIONS OF THE MANAGEMENT OF
THE VOLUNTEER EXPERIENCE AT THE LONDON 2012 OLYMPIC GAMES
KIRSTEN HOLMES,* GEOFF NICHOLS,† AND RITA RALSTON‡
*School of Marketing, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
†School of Management, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
‡Department of Food and Tourism Management, Manchester Metropolitan University,
Manchester, UK
Mega-events such as the Olympic Games involve huge numbers of volunteers from the host com-
munity, necessitating the development of a large volunteer program, which will only operate for a
short time. Leveraging this volunteer energy to lead to longer-term community volunteering has
become a legacy goal for many event organizers. Mega-events typically use a top-down “program
management” approach for their volunteer program. This article examines how the program man-
agement style impacts on the volunteer experience, using in-depth interviews with volunteers at
the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games. The study found that the program management
approach had a negative impact on many volunteers’ preevent experience, leading to some rejecting
the offer of a role at the event. However, the anticipated “once-in-a-lifetime” experience of volun-
teering for the Olympic Games overcame most of the preevent shortcomings. The article considers
the impact of volunteer management on repeat volunteering. Recommendations for better manage-
ment of mega-event volunteers, leading to a volunteer legacy, are offered.
Key words: Volunteers; Volunteer management; Olympic Games; Program management;
Mega-events