KELVIN LUSEKELO MSUSI.
kelvinmsusi@gmail.com .
+255755992409 PhD Research Scholar.
Med, PGDE & BSc(Ed).
TABLE OF SPECIFICATION DEVELOPMENT AND USAGE: AN OVERVIEW
Abstract
A table of specification (TOS) is the scientific expression specified to the plan for writing
Test items. A table of specification reveals what has been taught in the teaching and
learning process. In fact, table of specification is a mirror of mode of two dimensions
instructional process like Content and Intellectual procedure. At the same time table of
specification Development and Usage are continuing theme to discussion. The Purpose of
this Study to shortly discuss the overview of some selected aspects of developing process
of table of specification and its Usage in classroom teaching and learning process and to
some extend its relation with Bloom’s taxonomy as well.
The key focal point of the paper is to present the comprehensive understanding of the
Table of specification Development and Usage
Keywords: Table of specification, development, Usage, Taxonomy
1. Introduction
The rationale of this article is to elaborate development and usage of a table of
specification for use in both classroom and testing . As per understanding the common
elements of tables of specifications are presented and explicated. Specific emphasis is
placed on content-process validity. There are 2 tables of specifications in the literature
serve as examples.
2. Table of Specification
Table of specification is an instrument that teachers use to formulate a test or exam. The
table is aimed to establish a comparison and organize the number of questions dedicated
to each tier of Bloom’s taxonomy. For example: A biology paper may include 15 MCQs,
3 questions on defining terms and concepts, 5 questions for difference, and 5 questions on
labeling and explaining role of vital organs. Consolidation of the data reveals that more
percentage/ weight age is placed on the more difficult aspects of the paper as student
progress through the exam. While developing the “Table of Specification” plan;
generally, “Number of Questions” is kept on one axis and “Subject” on the other. These
heads of the chart are subjected to the complexity of the test and may require addition of
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