Pertanika J. Soc. Sci. & Hum. 21 (S): 153 - 168 (2013)
ISSN: 0128-7702 © Universiti Putra Malaysia Press
SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES
Journal homepage: http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/
Article history:
Received: 13 September 2012
Accepted: 15 March 2013
ARTICLE INFO
E-mail addresses:
yunisrina@gmail.com (Yusuf, Y. Q.),
stefanie@um.edu.my (Pillai, S)
* Corresponding author
An Acoustic Description of Diphthongs in Two Varieties of
Acehnese
Yusuf, Y. Q.
1, 2
* and Pillai, S.
1
1
Faculty of Languages and Linguistics, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2
Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Universitas Syiah
Kuala, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
ABSTRACT
This paper complements current descriptions of Acehnese pronunciation by not only
comparing two varieties of Acehnese but also by carrying out an acoustic analysis of
the diphthongs in these varieties. Given that there is a dearth of empirical research on
pronunciation differences between the standard variety of Acehnese spoken in Aceh and
other varieties of Acehnese, this paper examines the acoustic features of oral diphthongs
based on Asyik’s (1987) inventory of oral diphthongs. The data comprised diphthongs
produced by ten female speakers of the North Aceh dialect (which is considered the
standard form of Acehnese) and ten female speakers from Kampung Aceh in Kedah,
Malaysia. Acehnese is still spoken in Kampung Aceh by descendants of Acehnese who
settled in the area in the late 18
th
century. Based on the measurements of the Rate of Change
of the first and second formants of the target diphthongs and an examination of the onset
and offset positions of these diphthongs in the vowel space, it was found that there were
fewer diphthongs in the Kampung Aceh variety compared to that of the North Aceh. A
possible reason for this is the influence of the Kedah Malay dialect and Standard Malay.
The diphthongs produced by the Acehnese speakers also displayed some differences from
the ones described by Asyik (1987).
Keywords: Acehnese, oral diphthongs, acoustic, rate of change, North Aceh, Kampung Aceh
INTRODUCTION
Acehnese is one of the local languages
spoken in the Province of Aceh in Indonesia.
Besides Acehnese, there are eight other
distinct local languages spoken in Aceh
(Wildan et al. , 1999), but Acehnese has