http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/index.asp 956 editor@iaeme.com
International Journal of Management (IJM)
Volume 12, Issue 2, February 2021, pp.956-969, Article ID: IJM_12_02_093
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJM/issues.asp?JType=IJM&VType=12&IType=2
ISSN Print: 0976-6502 and ISSN Online: 0976-6510
DOI: 10.34218/IJM.12.2.2021.093
© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed
BATTLING THE TOXIC WAR AT WORKPLACE
THROUGH THE INTRODUCTION OF SPECIFIC
HR PRACTICES: A CASE OF HIGHER
EDUCATION SECTOR OF PAKISTAN
Shabnam Khan
Women University, Swabi, Pakistan
Samina Gul
Women University, Swabi, Pakistan
Syed Waleed ul Hassan
Qurtaba University, Peshawar, Pakistan
Iqra Imtiaz
Women University, Swabi, Pakistan
ABSTRACT
In the era of stiff global competition, organizations are focused on the stabilization
of the workplace environment as a contingency requirement of its productivity and
growth. To achieve the apprehension of the quality environment at the workplace, this
study is intended to determine to adverse effects of a toxic workplace environment
(TWE) for the employees and its remedial path in the form of specific HR practices. As
an independent variable, the complete spectrum of toxic workplace environment
(consisting of multiple dimensions named as workplace ostracism, workplace incivility,
workplace harassment and workplace bullying) was used. While emotional exhaustion
(EE) was used as a mediating variable, job productivity as dependent and most
specifically specific HR Practices are treated as controlling/moderating variables. For
this, a self-administered close-ended questionnaire was used to collect the data from
employees (N=267) including faculty and administration both of the HE sector of
Pakistan. To analyze the collected data, CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analysis) was used
to address the validity concerns of the factors. Moreover, AMOS 22 was used to
determine the direct, indirect and moderation effect of selected variables. The results
revealed that the bundle of toxic workplace environment has a significant negative
association with job productivity, while emotional exhaustion was proved as a
statistically significant mediator between a bundle of toxic workplace environment and
job productivity. Furthermore, Specific HR Practices demonstrated the
controlling/moderating impact on the positive association of TWE and EE. Finally, we