752 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, VOL. Mrr-32, NO. 8, AUGUST1984 From 1965-1966, he was employed at the Bell Telephone Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, while on leave from the University of Utah. During this time, he worked in the area of microwave avalanche diode oscillators. Again, in 1971, he was engaged in study and research involving microwave biological effects at the University of Washington Seattle, while on leave from the University of Utah. From 1977 to 1982, he was chairman of the Electrical Engineering Department at the University of Utah, where he is presently Professor of Electrical Engineering and engaged in teaching and research in electromagnetic, engineering pedagogy, and microwave biological effects. Dr. Durney is a member of The Bioelectromagnetics Society, Commiss- ion B of URSI (Internationaf Union of Radio Science), Sigma Tau, Phi Kappa Phi, Sigma Pi Sigma, Eta Kappa Nu, and the American Society for Engineering Education. He also served as Vice President (1980-1981) and President (1981–1982) of The Bioelectromagnetics Society, as a member (1979-present) and Chairman (1983-present) of the IEEE Committee on Man and Radiatiori (COMAR), as a member of the American Nationaf Standards Institute C95 Subcommittee IV on Radiation Levels and/or Tolerances with Respect to Personnel (1973-present), as a member of the editoriaf board of the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES (1977-present), and as a member of the editorial board of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1982–present). In 1980, he received the Distinguished Research Award from the University of Utah, and the Outstanding Teaching Award, College of Engineering, University of Utah. In 1982, he received the American Society for Engineering Education Western Electric Fund Award. He was named a College of Engineering Distinguished Alumnus by Utah State University in 1983. * Magdy F. Iskander (S’72-M76) was born in Alexandria, Egypt, on August 6, 1946. He received the B.SC. degree in electrical engineering, University of Alexandria, Egypt, in 1969. He entered the Faculty of Graduate Studies at the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, in September 1971, and received the M. SC. and Ph.D. degrees in 1972 and 1976, re- spectively, both in microwaves. In 1976, he was awarded a Nationaf Research Council of Canada Postdoctoral Fellowship at the University of Manitoba. Since March 1977, he has been with the Department of Electrical En.zineering and the Department of Bioengineer- ing at the University of U~ah, Sal; Lake City, “where he is curre~tly an Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering. In 1981, he received the University of Utah President David P. Gardner Faculty Fellow award and spent the academic quarter on leave as a Visiting Associate Professor at the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Poly- technic Institute of New York, Brooklyn, N Y. Dr. Iskander edited two special issues of the Journal of Microwaue Power, one on “Electromagnetic and energy applications,” March 1983, and the other on “Electromagnetic techniques in medicaf diagnosis and imaging,” September 1983. He has contributed chapters to four research books and has published in tecbnicaf journals and presented more than 130 papers. In 1983, he received the College of Engineering Outstanding Teaching Award and the College Patent Award for creative, innovative, and practical invention. In 1984, he was selected by the Utah Section of IEEE as the Engineer of the Year. He is a member of the editontd board of the IEEE TRANSACTIONSON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES and a member of the editoriaf board of the Journal of Microwaue Power. His present fields of interest include the use of munericaf techniques in electromagnetic to calculate scattering by dielectric objects, antenna design, and the evacuation of the biological effects as well as the develop- ment of medicaf applications of electromagnetic energy. Average SAR and SAR Distributions in Man Exposed to 450-MHz Radiofrequency Radiation ARTHUR W. GUY, FELLOW, IEEE, CHUNG-KWANG CHOU, MEMBER, IEEE, AND BARRY NEUHAUS .&tract —Fifth-scafe phantom models were exposed to 2450-MHz elec- tromagnetic fields to obtain the average specific absorption rate (SAR) and SAR distribution in man exposed to 1 mW/cm2 450-MHz radiofrequency radiation for various polarizations and body positions. The average SAR was measured catorimetricatly and SAR distribution was determined ther- mograptrically usiug an interactive computer system, The mean SAR, as averaged over the body, remained relatively constant at 0.050 W/kg, with a standard deviation of *0.007 W/kg for aft polarizations and body postures considered in the study. Peak SAR values were as high as 0.650 W/kg, oecunng typicatly in the wrist. Manuscript received October 12, 1983; revised March 4, 1984. This research was supported by the Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine (USAF/SAM), Brooks Air Force Base. TX 78235 under Contract F33615-80-C-0612. The authors are with Bioelectromagnetics Research Laboratory RJ-30, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195. I. INTRODUCTION A S ONE PART of a project for evaluating the health of laboratory rats exposed under conditions simulat- ing those of human exposure in order to assess the effects of long-term low-level 450-MHz radiofrequency radiation (RFR) on man [7], this paper reports the measurement of the average specific absorption rate (SAR) of energy and the SAR distribution in man under various conditions of exposure. Basically, the same techniques were used in these studies as had been previously reported [6]. Approximately 1/4- to l/10-scaled models of man composed of synthetic muscle tissue were exposed to frequencies from 4 to 10 times higher than the exposure frequency for a full-sized man. In 0018-9480/84/0800-0752$01.00 @1984 IEEE