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International Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology (IJEET)
Volume 12, Issue 3, March 2021, pp. 278-288, Article ID: IJEET_12_03_036
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijeet/issues.asp?JType=IJEET&VType=12&IType=3
ISSN Print: 0976-6545 and ISSN Online: 0976-6553
DOI: 10.34218/IJEET.12.3.2021.036
© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed
FPGA BASED IMPROVED CONTROL SCHEME
FOR A BUCK CONVERTER
Sonali Pandit
Assistant Professor, Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Goa College of Engineering, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa, India
Vinayak Shet
Professor, Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Goa College of Engineering, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa, India
ABSTRACT
Buck converters are extensively used in modern applications. The closed loop
control plays a crucial role in regulating the output voltage. This paper analyses a buck
converter using a state space modeling approach. The transfer function is derived and
the compensation is designed using an analog PI controller in the frequency domain.
The design is verified using Matlab Simulink platform for time and frequency domain
characteristics. The discrete PI controller is designed from the analog controller. The
VLSI platform using FPGA technology is used to design the feedback loop of digital PI
controller and improve the performance. The hardware is implemented on a Xilinx
Spartan-3 FPGA. The Buck converter is tested with the feedback loop and the
performance is analysed.
Keywords: Buck converter, state space modeling, PI compensator, Digital PI controller,
control, feedback loop, VLSI, FPGA
Cite this Article: Sonali Pandit and Vinayak Shet, FPGA Based Improved Control
Scheme for a Buck Converter, International Journal of Electrical Engineering and
Technology (IJEET), 12(3), 2021, pp.278-288.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJEET/issues.asp?JType=IJEET&VType=12&IType=3
1. INTRODUCTION
DC-DC converters are used extensively in modern gadgets like laptops, mobile phone, chargers.
They are having the advantages of single stage conversion and high efficiency. They can be
classified as buck, boost or buck-boost. This paper focuses on a buck converter which is a step
down converter where in the output voltage is less than the input voltage [1][2][3]. A
mathematical modeling of the controller is useful for stability analysis and control of closed
loop systems. There are various methods to model a buck converter [2]. A state space modeling
approach is carried out to model the closed loop characteristics [4]. To regulate the output
voltage of the converter a closed loop control using a suitable controller is required. The