Lucrări Ştiinţifice - vol. 56, Seria Zootehnie - 143 - STUDIES ON MODIFICATIONS OF THE HEPATIC AND RENAL BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF RABBITS AFTER BEE VENOM INOCULATION C. Ivas, Gh. Solcan, Geta Pavel, Ionela Burcă, R. Malancuş Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, U.S.A.M.V. Iaşi e-mail: medicivas@yahoo.com Abstract The experimental study reported in the present paper was performed on rabbits for making evident the effect of various bee venom doses on dynamics of exploration serum biochemical parameters of hepatic and renal function. On this purpose three experimental groups were chosen and bee venom inoculated by three stings (E1 group), 6 stings (E2 group and 12 stings (E3 group). Prior to inoculation and at time intervals of 2 h, 6 h and 24 h after inoculation blood samples were taken off and submitted to biochemical investigations (ALT, AST, GGT, alkaline phosphatase - ALP, creatinine and urea). The obtained results made evident a hepatic cytotoxic effect (by ALT and AST increase) noticed 24 h. after inoculation at the E1 group and even after 2-6 h. at the E2 and E3. groups. The serum level of ALP was found to decrease slightly 2 and 6 h.after inoculation for every experimental group while after 24 h a clear increase although below the complete limit of the reference values was noticed with the E2 and E3 groups only. The serum concentration of GGT was found to decrease gradually along the 24 h. interval for every group under study although between physiological limits. As regards the renal biochemical parameters a surprising evolution was noticed - at the E3 group the creatinine decreased below the minimum reference limit 6 h. after inoculation and the urea already increased in the inoculation time was continuously increasing 2h and 6h after inoculation, decreasing to the normal value limits after 24 h at E2 and E3. In conclusion, the present study made evident an acute and subacute hepatotoxic effect of the bee venom depending on the dose but did not confirm the nefrotoxic effect sustaining on the contrary the theory of the beneficial effect for the homeostasis of the organism metabolic processes. Key words: bee venom, sting, rabbit, ALT, AST, GGT, ALP, creatinine, urea INTRODUCTION The liver and the kidney are target organs for the lesions occurred by the organism exposing to aggressions caused by polluting chemicals, drugs or natural toxic agents (toxic plants, reptile and arthropod venom [5, 8, 9]. The present study is aimed to investigate the effect of the bee venom on some serum indicators of the hepatocellular (transaminases) and colangiocellulare (alkaline fosfatase) functions, as well as of the glomerular and renal tubular function (creatinine, urea nitrogen), in function of the applied venom dose and of the evolution study of the generated process. The bee venom is a complex mixture of proteins, small peptides, enzymes, minerals and acids among which the melitin, the fosfolipase A2, the degranulation peptide of mastocytes and apamin show the highest toxic, allergic and inflammatory potential. Although the pathology of the stings of venomous insects describes the anaphylaxy, the angioneurotic edema and the lethal effect caused by only one bee sting as well as the cardiotoxic, hepatotoxic, nefrotoxic and homolytic effects dependent on the dose the alternative medicine is nowadays of a continuously increasing interest the therapy with bee venom being include. Numerous scientific reports made evident the immunomodulation, antimutagenic, antitumoural, antiinflammatory and antinociceptive effects of this therapy [5, 9].